Incredible Interphase
Mighty Mitosis
Sensational Cytokinesis
Great Growth and Rockin' Repair
Dastardly Disruptions
100
True or False: Interphase is the first step of Mitosis
False- Interphase is not a part of Mitosis, it is the step of the cell cycle before Mitosis.
100
Nuclear division
What is the goal of Mitosis
100
what is the result of Cytokinesis?
Celular division
100
During which part of the Cell Cycle does the cell grow the most?
What is Interphase
100
What are two examples of disruptions to the cell cycle and how do they affect organisms?
If a cell becomes out of control and never stops dividing, it can become a tumor that can eventually become cancerous. This can form tumors that can potentially harm the organism. Another error that can occur is during Interphase. If the chromosomes do not duplicate correctly, a baby can be born with disorders such as down syndrome.
200
Interphase is broken up into three steps. What are these steps and what occurs during each?
What is G1, S, and G2. In G1 the cell grows rapidly In S, the Cell's DNA is copied and EACH chromosome's toe chromatids are attached at the centromere In G2, the cell grows and prepares to divide.
200
Name all of the phases of Mitosis in the order they occur
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
200
How does the cell split in two?
A contractable fiber ring made of actin pinches the cell into two daughter cells.
200
If a cell finds an error in a checkpoint that it cannot repair, what happens to the cell?
What is Cell Death/Apoptopsis
200
How are cancer cells different than normal cells?
normal cells only divide when they can sense that there is enough room to divide, they need to be anchored in place and cannot "float" freely around the body, and they can only be divided so many times until they're worn out and cannot divide any more. Cancer cells are out if control and display the opposites of these normal qualities. They divide even when there's no room to, they can spread around the body, and they can divide forever.
300
Is Interphase a smooth process or stop-and-go? Why?
Interphase is a stop-and-go-process because it has three checkpoints: the G1 checkpoint, the S checkpoint, and the G2/M checkpoint.
300
these are made of microtubules and move to the poles of the cell during Prophase
What are centrioles
300
After Cytokinesis, is the DNA of the two daughter cells similar, different, or identical?
What is Identical
300
Which steps of the cell cycle allow the cell to catch errors before they spread?
What are checkpoints
300
What are the two types of cancer cells and which is the most common? How are these results of cell cycle disruptions?
1. tumor-supressing genes this is the most common cancer found in people 2. proto-oncogene this form of cancer is less common These are results of cell cycle disruptions because the cell cycle is normally supposed to check for errors. We know the checkpoints would have failed if cancer formed because the checkpoints are supposed to prevent this.
400
These cells, like nerve and skeletal cells, do not divide. Instead, they enter a resting phase where they function without going through the cell cycle.
What are G 0 cells
400
What is the difference between Prometaphase and Metaphase?
In Prometaphase, the spindle fibers connect at the kinetochores, and in Metaphase the Chromosomes align in the middle of the cell at the mitotic plate.
400
How does cytokinesis differ in plant cells and animal cells?
In animal cells, a contractable fiber ring pinches the parental cell into two daughter cells, but in plant cells, the cell plate grows in between the two newly formed nuclei.
400
How does the cell cycle affect the growth and repair of organisms?
Because of checkpoints, cells are constantly scanning to check for and fix errors. Cells are always looking for problems to fix, and because of this, we as humans rarely have noticeable problems with our cells.
400
What three ways can doctors treat cancer patients?
1- they can surgically remove the tumor 2- they can concentrate a beam of radiation on the tumor 3- they can give chemo therapy which can come in several forms
500
Describe why Interphase is a crucial step of the Cell Cycle
Interphase is so important because it prepares the cells for Mitosis. It prepares for mitosis by forming microtubules and copies the DNA. During Interphase, the cells grow rapidly, their DNA is copied. The cell spends most of its life in Interphase. Without Interphase, the Cell Cycle would not work, and most cells would not exist.
500
During which phase does the nuclear envelope re-form?
Telophase
500
Where does the word "Cytokinesis" come from? a. from the Greek cyto- (meaning cell) and -kinesis (meaning motion) b. from the latin cyto- (meaning split) and -kinesis (meaning formation) c. from the english cyto- (meaning cytoplasm) and -kinesis (meaning split)
What is a. from the Greek cyto- (meaning cell) and -kinesis (meaning motion)
500
What is an example of a repair that the Cell Cycle can help with?
If a cell finds any problematic cells, it can send the problem cell into apoptosis to dispose of it. Without this, cancer would be significantly more common.
500
Who was Henrietta Lacks and why is she important?
Henrietta Lacks was a cancer patient in the 1900s. Henrietta Lacks's cells were taken from her by her doctors. Her doctors observed that her cells kept growing, and her cells are still alive today even though she died over 50 years ago. Her cells even went to space!
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