Kidney Anatomy
What is the outer shell of the kidney called?
The capsule
What is the name of the collection of capillaries which filter blood?
Glomerulus
Which structure is responsible for the reabsorption of nutrients (glucose, amino acids)?
PCT
What does ADH stand for? What does it do?
Anti-Diuretic Hormone (Don't Pee Stuff), Increases reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts.
What is the sensor in the ADH feedback loop?
Hypothalamus
What large tube connects each kidney to the bladder?
Ureter
Which structure literally means "far away overly complicated passageway"?
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Which structure collects filtrate from multiple nephrons?
Collecting Tubule
What does the RAAS regulate?
Blood Pressure
Thinking about the PTH feedback loop, eating a lot of dairy (rich in calcium) would most likely:
ALL ACCEPTABLE: Inhibit PTH, stimulate osteoblasts, decrease calcium reabsorption in DCT
What is the name of the inner section of the kidney which contains the renal pyramids?
Medulla
Which branch of the loop of Henle is encountered first by the filtrate?
Descending
Which part of the nephron is permeable to water (has aquaporins) but is not permeable to salts/ions?
Descending Limb of Loop of Henle
Where is ADH released from?
The pituitary gland
Thinking about the ADH feedback loop, what would be the most likely result of overhydration?
What is the place where all of the calycies (plural of calyx) come together?
Renal Pelvis
What is the cup-like shape that collects filtrate?
Bowman's Capsule
Which structure is responsible for the reabsorption of calcium in the nephron?
DCT
What is EPO? What does it do?
Erythropoietin; Regulates the production of RBCs in bone marrow.
Thinking about the EPO feedback loop, what would be the most likely result of a person going to a high altitude?
ALL ACCEPTABLE: Increase in EPO production, increase in RBC production in marrow, increased oxygen levels.
What is the name of the combination of the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter?
Hilum
What is the name for the first set of tubules encountered by filtrate in the nephron?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
The nephron sits between which 2 parts of the kidney?
Cortex (Outer) & Medulla (Inner)
What is PTH? What does it do?
Parathyroid Hormone; Regulation of calcium
From which structure is the enzyme "ACE" released?
Lungs (Converts AT1 to AT2)