Overview of the Excretory System
Its basic function is to regulate the volume and composition of body fluids by removing wastes and returning needed substances to the body for reuse
The excretory system
Place of initial filtration.
The glomerulus.
Blood enters the kidneys via the _________________and leaves the kidneys via the _________________.
The renal artery and the renal vein
How many kidneys do you have in your body and where are they located?
2, and in your lower back
Waste product in urine in the form of broken down ammonia
Urea
The name for the process of substances moving from the blood to the tubule.
Secretion
Blood in the renal vein will have a higher or lower concentration of urea than blood in the renal artery?
Lower
What tube which carries urine from the bladder to the external environment?
The urethra
These organs filter blood and makes urine
Kidneys
What components of blood are not filtered through the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule?
Proteins or blood cells because they are too large.
This travels through the blood to the kidneys, where it increases the permeability of the tubule, allowing more water to be reabsorbed into the blood.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
This is a narrow tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
The ureters
These are the four organs of the excretory system, in the order that filtrate goes before it exits the body as urine.
The kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.
Once the blood has been filtered and has passed through the tubules and the loop of Henle, the filtrate enters the _______ which leads into which part of the kidney?
The collecting duct leading into the renal pelvis.
What macronutrient stresses the kidneys the most?
Protein
Name the layers of the kidneys in order from the outermost layer to the innermost layer
The renal cortex, renal medulla, and renal pelvis
The functional unit of the kidneys
Nephrons
What useful substances are reabsorbed by the tubules in the nephron?
Glucose, amino acids, NaCl, HCO3-, water
This utilizes an artificial membrane in an external device (in essence is an artificial kidney).
Dialysis
Aside from the urinary system, name the 3 other major organs of the excretory system.
Skin, lungs, and liver