Qualifications/Terms/Benefits
Name all three written qualifications from the Constitution to become President
35, Native Born, 14 year resident in the U.S.
Under which Role does the President enforce and carry out the Constitution and Federal laws?
Chief Executive, Commander in Chief, Chief Legislator, Chief Diplomat
Chief Executive
The head of a Cabinet Department must be appointed by whom? Also they must be approved/confirmed by whom?
President, Senate
Who determines pay and retirement benefits for Federal Judges?
Congress
How many Supreme Court Justices are there, how many were appointed by Trump?
9, 3
Which Landmark case instilled the principle of Judicial Review?
Marbury v. Madison
In Re Gault
Miranda v. Arizona
Plessy v. Ferguson
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
What are the two forms of elections during a Presidential election year? What order do they go in?
Primary, General
Which Role makes the President the civilian head of the military forces?
Commander in Chief
Which of these departments manages the nation's natural resources, parks, and federal lands?
Department of Agriculture, Department of Interior, Department of Justice, Department of Energy
Department of Interior
What established the structure of the Federal Court System? It was not in Article III, one of the first acts of Congress was adding this (1789):
The Judiciary Act of 1789
What is the Supreme Court's power to declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional called?
Judicial Review
Which Supreme Court case decided that slaves and even freed blacks do not have any rights because they are not citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sandford
Where are candidates for the presidency formally nominated at before the general election?
National Convention
The _____ ____________ ______ (1973) restricts the President's authority to send troops into battle.
War Powers Act
Which Department helps run job training and unemployment programs?
Department of Labor
What kind of Federal Court Officer is used to enforce actions that need to be taken for the Federal Court(s)? (Hint: are often on assignment by the Witness Protection Program)
U.S. Marshalls
What are the three 'opinions' a judge can have, which they write a statement over to explain their reasoning on a decision? List at least two
Majority - agrees with the majority decision for similar reasons
Concurring - agrees with majority on the decision but for different reasons
Dissenting - Disagrees with majority decision
Which case established the notion of 'Separate but Equal' in American institutions/politics?
Which case overturned this decision, ending segregation?
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
List three benefits the President has with their job:
Camp David, Blair House, AF1, Secret Service, Fleet of Cars, Staff/assistants, Allowance
The _________ ________________ Act of 1947 changed the line of succession after the VP to: Speaker of the House, PPT, then Cabinet members starting with the first department created.
Also, which amendment further clarified Presidential Succession/VP Vacancy/Presidential inability to serve?
Presidential Succession Act
25th Amendment
Which Department runs the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
Department of Health and Human Services
When judges are interpreting laws what two categories can they fall under?
Judicial Restraint - judge decides cases based on the original intent of the Constitution (Anti-Fed view)
Judicial Activism - Judges interpret law based on changing conditions and values, more 'liberal' when interpreting the law. (Fed View)
If a case makes it up to the Supreme Court and the defense is trying to appeal/overturn a decision made by a lower court, and the Supreme Court rules in favor of the petitioner, what does that decision mean for the defense? What must they do to try and get the decision overturned again?
The decision means it is final, it can not be overturned as all decisions made in the Supreme Court are finalized.
The only way that it could ever be changed is if the Supreme Court has the same/similar case brought up again in the future and make a different decision.
In the United States v. Nixon case, what was the verdict?
Withholding information regarding Watergate did fall under Nixon's executive privilege.
Precedent set: In matters of national security, the President does not have authority to withhold information
Nixon had to give up the tapes, ended up resigning
Which Amendment changed the date of Presidential and Congressional terms from March to January?
Which one set limits to Presidential terms?
20th, 22nd
Which role requires the President to propose a budget?
Chief Legislator
Which department provides assistance to American businesses and conducts the national census?
Department of Commerce
In the federal court system, what is the difference between the Plaintiff and the Defendant?
Also, who decides a sentence if the accused are found guilty?
Plaintiff: Takes the case to court
Defendant: The person who the case is brought against
Judges decide sentencing (Not the Jury)
Bonus Extra Credit: Name at least one of the three Supreme Court Justices that Donald Trump appointed
Amy Barret, Brett Kavanaugh, Neil Gorusch
In Re Gault (1967) established what?
Due Process Rights for Juveniles