Symbols
What is a symbol?
Something that conveys meaning and characterizes ideas, people, places or concepts.
What does CMM stand for?
Coordinated Management of meaning.
means there is no likeness between a sumbol and what it represents.
What does CMM stand for?
Coordinated management of meaning.
What is cooperating in conversations?
How people normally behave in interactions with one another
What does Symbols are Abstract mean?
Promises, threats, apologies and assertions are all examples of what?
Speech Act
what is the meaning of semantics?
Study of the meaning of words
What level best fits the sentence “Hey, James, good to see you!” for the category “Managing Meaning"
Content Level
Maxims help explain the _______ between the speaker’s verbal message and what a listener understands from the message.
Relationship
If a person wants a shared understanding with others to create and participate in social reality, communication is always ______ at the level of the symbol.
Intentional
This code is used represent messages through the use of symbols.
Digital Code
What is syntax?
meaning at the level of sentences.
Give an example of a Constitutive rule from the book.
Your family may have a constitutive rule that texting at the dinner table counts as “rude”.
What does Quantity maxim refer to?
The quantity maxim refers to the expectation that verbal messages offer the appropriate amount of information, given the situation
A student in Michigan might understand the saying "Alberta clipper," or "lake effect snowstorm." This is evidence that..
Symbols are culturally bound
In 1985 Ron Gordon investigated what? To refer our "greatest moments" of mutual understanding; happiness and fulfillment in interpersonal communication.
PCEs or Peak Communication Experiences.
what is surveillance?
Focused, intentional, routine attetion to personal details for purposes of influence or control.
What are PCE’s?
Peak communication moments, or our “greatest moments”.
Who introduced the cooperating in conversations principle?
Paul Grice
Kenneth Burke (1966) suggested that humans...
are the symbol using and symbol-misusing animals.
These produces use their understanding of how verbal messages can be used to reshape situations and identities in order to create a desired social reality.
Rhetorical
Multiple meaning associated with a single word or symbol.
What level is a “script for who we are”?
Self Level
In what year did Grice acknowledge that conversations can and do naturally shift from one topic to another?
1989