Enzymes
breaks down glucose
What is Hexokinase?
32-33 ATP
What is the net yield of Aerobic Glycolysis?
RER
What is the abbreviation for Respiratory Exchange Ratio?
2-3 ATP
What is the energy yield for anaerobic glycolysis?
our currency for muscular energy demands
What is ATP?
Breaks down glycogen
What is Phosphorylase?
3 NADH, 1 FADH, 1 ATP
What is net yield in Stage 3? (per acetyl coA)
100% Fats
What is the primary fuel when RER is 0.7?
Final by-product of anaerobic glycolysis
What is 2 lactate?
involves the conversion of these different fuels to ATP, to sustain ATP homeostasis for this purpose
What is Energy metabolism (“bioenergetics”)?
rate-limiting enzyme is glycolysis that helps determine speed of the process
What is Phosphofructokinase?
2.5 per NADH
1.5 per FADH
What is ATP production in the ETC?
100% Carbohydrates
What is the primary fuel when RER is 1.0?
1 hour
What is the amount of time it takes for lactate levels to return to normal?
ATP -> ADP by breaking off a phosphate which is ADP + Pi + energy (release of energy)
What is ATP hydrolysis?
NADH inhibits this
What is phosphofructokinase?
#C/2= Acetyl CoA
#C/2-1= NADH and FADH
What are the formulas for beta oxidation?
50/50 Carbs and Fats
What is the primary fuel when RER = .85?
Two fuels broken down in anaerobic glycolysis
What is glycogen and glucose?
the process/steps by which creatine phosphate (PCr) resynthesizes ATP.
What is PCr -> P + Cr, ADP + P -> ATP?
an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate
What is lactate dehydrogenase?
12 carbon fatty acid that goes through beta oxidation
What is 79 ATP?
RER < .85
What is the primary fuel fats?
It tells us that the rate is too high for the amount of mitochondria we need to have
What is the lactate threshold?
The length of time the energy from stored ATP and PCr can sustain maximal exercise (i.e. if we had no other systems available to resynthesize ATP during exercise)
What is 8 seconds?