Ch. 2 Anaerobic Systems
What is the process of converting the plant and animal products eaten as food into energy called?
Bioenergetics/ Metabolism
What is the full, scientific name for ATP?
adenosine triphosphate
When exercise intensity increases, what is the main macronutrient used?
Carbohydrates
What is the process by which two-carbon acetic acid molecules are formed from fatty acids?
Beta-Oxidation
When temperature ______, the reaction rate ______.
increases; incrases
What provides majority of energy during high-intensity, short-duration maximal physical activity?
Anaerobic Metabolism
What is the name of the intracellular organelle where aerobic respiration takes place?
Mitochondria
Workload at which blood lactate concentration increases significantly above the resting level.
Lactate threshold
Where does glycolysis take place?
Occurs in sarcoplasm of muscle cells.
What provides majority of energy during long-duration, low-intensity physical activity?
Aerobic Metabolism
What is the final electron transport chain acceptor?
Oxygen
The additional oxygen consumed above resting value after an exercise bout that is utilized to aid in many recovery processes; a similar term is oxygen debt
Excess Postoxygen Consumption (EPOC):
What is the rate limiting enzyme for glycolysis?
Phosphofructokinase (PFK)
A molecule stored intramuscularly that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP.
Phosphocreatine (PC)
_______ is the amino group transferred to keto acid; _______ is the amino group creates ammonia (NH3)
Transanimation; Deanimation
Enzyme found in adipose cells and muscle fibers that breaks down triglyceride into glycerol and fatty acids.
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL)
What are the three end product of glycolysis?
- pyruvate molecules, NADH + H+ molecules, and ATP molecules
What facilitates the breakdown of PC to Pi and creatine, resulting in the donation of Pi to ADP to form ATP.
Creatine Kinase
What is the method by which ATP is produced as a result of electrons moving along the electron transport chain?
Oxidative Phosphorylation
A series of chemical reactions taking place inside the mitochondria involved in metabolism of acetyl-CoA, resulting in production of ATP, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen ions
Krebs Cycle