Bioenergetics
The powerhouse of a cell.
What is Mitochondria?
Term for the absolute volume of oxygen consumed.
What is VO2?
This macronutrient contains the greatest amount of calories per gram.
What is fat?
The contractile proteins in a muscle fiber.
What are actin and myosin?
The primary vascular response to cold exposure.
What is skin vasoconstriction?
The fastest energy system.
What is the ATP-PCr system?
The specific name for heart muscle.
What is the myocardium?
The amount of energy per gram of carbohydrates.
What is 4 kcals?
The 3 major types of muscle in the body
What are smooth, cardiac, and skeletal muscle?
The primary cause of reduced oxygen consumption at altitude.
What is reduced partial pressure of oxygen?
The cause of muscle soreness.
What is microtrauma and inflammation?
Term for the volume of blood pumped by the heart per unit of time.
What is Cardiac Output?
The consumption of this macronutrient has a significant impact on energy expenditure.
What is protein?
Repeating structural units of muscle
What is a sarcomere?
The primary adaptation to prolonged altitude exposure.
What is increased red blood cell synthesis?
The fluid in which anaerobic processes occur in muscle cells.
What is the Sarcoplasm?
Term for the primary limiting factor for oxygen consumption (and subsequently cardiovascular/aerobic performance).
What is Stroke Volume?
The storage form of carbohydrates.
What is Glycogen?
Ion needed to induce a conformational change of tropomyosin.
What is calcium?
The core temperature when brain begins to send signals for exercise cessation.
What is 40 degrees C (or 104 degrees F)?
The 4-carbon structure needed for the Kreb's cycle to function properly.
What is oxaloacetate?
The mechanism which explains how a greater volume in the ventricles induces a more forceful contraction.
What is the Frank-Starling Mechanism?
The three supplements that have the greatest amount of scientific evidence which support beneficial effects on exercise performance.
What are caffeine, creatine, and protein?
The mechanism which explains how skeletal muscle can be voluntarily contracted.
What is the Excitation-Contraction Coupling?
Although popular, probably not the best intervention for muscle recovery.
What is icing?