Personality
Freud’s dream theory – including differences between latent and manifest content.
Freud's dream theory suggests that dreams are a manifestation of unconscious desires and thoughts. According to him, dreams have both latent content (hidden, symbolic meaning) and manifest content (the literal storyline or imagery of the dream).
What context (e.g., family, community, media, etc…) is most important for development?
The context most important for development varies by age but can include family, community, peers, education, media, and culture.
Agnosia vs. Apraxia vs. Aphasia.
Somethings missing
Agnosia – cannot interpret sensations
Aphasia – cannot speak
Apraxia – relates to writing
In a setting where many races are represented, how do the different races interact?
The interaction of different races in a diverse setting can vary widely and depends on factors like cultural norms, shared experiences, and individual attitudes. Ideally, it promotes cultural understanding and inclusivity.
Know Maslow - including hierarchy of needs and deficiency motives.
Abraham Maslow is known for his hierarchy of needs, which is a theory of human motivation. It includes physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. Deficiency motives are needs that arise from a lack of something, while growth motives involve self-fulfillment and personal development.
What are stage theorists? Examples?
Stage theorists propose that development occurs in distinct stages with specific characteristics. Examples include Jean Piaget (cognitive development) and Erik Erikson (psychosocial development).
What is catatonia?
Catatonia is a state of unresponsiveness or abnormal movements and behaviors associated with various mental disorders, especially schizophrenia.
What is the belief in a “just world?”
The belief in a "just world" is the idea that people get what they deserve in life, either good or bad, based on their actions or behavior.
Know Alfred Adler’s theory.
Birth order, oldest – perfection, bossy. Middle – forgotten child. Youngest – Gets everything, parented by the oldest.
Piaget’s theory including assimilation and accommodation.
Piaget's theory includes concepts of assimilation (integrating new information into existing mental schemas) and accommodation (adjusting existing schemas to accommodate new information).
Know hallucinations vs. delusions.
Hallucinations involve perceiving things that are not present, while delusions are false beliefs that are resistant to reasoning or contrary evidence.
What are fictive kin?
Fictive kin are individuals who are considered and treated as family members even though they are not biologically related.
What did Adler believe regarding our strive for superiority?
Believed that it was a driving force of personality,
Attachment theory.
Attachment theory, developed by John Bowlby, focuses on the emotional bonds formed between children and their caregivers, which influence social and emotional development.
secure, anxious, avoidant
Alogia vs. anhedonia.
Alogia - poverty of speech
Anhedonia – loss of pleasures in things you used to enjoy
This term is used to describe having prejudices, stereotypes or engaging in discrimination against Jews.
Prejudices, stereotypes, or discrimination against Jews are often referred to as anti-Semitism.
Know Jung’s concept of archetypes and examples.
Famous personality theorist, believed in collective unconscious, motivated by ancestors as part of the family. Archetypes, prototypes mother – caregiver, arch universal and depending on what moment we are in life it influences how we think and behave. Persona (social masks) anima (driving force) female inner male vice versa
Stages of prenatal development.
Stages of prenatal development include the germinal stage (conception to 2 weeks), the embryonic stage (3 to 8 weeks), and the fetal stage (9 weeks to birth).
OCD – obsessions vs. compulsions.
OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) involves obsessions (persistent and unwanted thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to alleviate distress).
Who is the person most likely to support and encourage African-American children?
Grandparents