Psycholinguistics
Knowledge about rules that govern behavior
What are pragmatics?
The more negatives a sentence has
What is:
the more time we take to process it and more mistakes made in interpreting
the discipline that examines how the brain processes language
What is neurolinguistics?
What is direct-acces route
Recognition directly through vision without sounding out any words
What is discourse?
Interrelated language units longer than a sentence
Basic unit of meaning
What is morpheme?
These make sentences difficult to understand.
Negatives
Passive vs. active voice
Complex Syntax
Ambiguous
Broca's aphasia versus Wernicke's aphasia
Broca's - expressive language deficit
Wernick's - receptive language deficit
What is indirect-access route
Translating visual stimuli into sound before reading
Constructivist View
readers usually draw inferences about causes of events and relationships between events
Noam Chomsky believed that linguistic abilities are seperate from other cognitive abilities, meaning that language is ______.
What is Language is Modular?
We do not wait until an entire sentence is spoken before making judgements about what it means
What is incremental interpretation?
Area of brain responsible for speech production, and where is it?
What is the broca's area, and front of the brain
Using both direct and indirect access routes to reading
What is dual-route approach to reading
Theory of mind
Our understanding of the mental state of others
Approach that emphasizes the function of language is to communicate meaning
What is the cognitive-functional approach?
The fact that a single word can have multiple meanings
What is lexical ambiguity?
Right hemisphere functions
Emotional tone
appreciating humor
abstract language tasks
This study had pairs of words presented with similar spelling but different sounds. Results showed we can directly recognize a word through vision
What is Bradshaw and Nettleton (1974)
What does the study by Cassady (2004) tell us about test anxiety?
The study tells us anxiety can decrease students skills in understanding the information in their textbooks
Emphasized that children have powerful cognitive and social-learning skills that interact with language.
Who is Tomasello?
What is complex syntax with one phrase embedded in another
What is nested structure?
Mirror system
what is the network of neurons in the brain's motor cortex
What is the whole-language approach
Reading instruction should emphasizes meaning and be enjoyable to increase enthusiasm about learning to read
What were the results of Huitema et al (1993)?
Inconsistent phrases were read more slowly regardless of whether they were close in proximity or far, supporting the constructivist view