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What is quantitative research?
Quantitative research is a type of research that collects and analyzes numerical data.
What is the difference between experimental research and quasi-experimental research?
Experimental research uses random assignment, while quasi-experimental research does not.
What is a control group in experimental research?
It is the group that does not receive the treatment or intervention.
Why does quasi-experimental research not use random assignment?
Because the researcher works with pre-existing groups that cannot be randomly assigned.
True or false: Experimental research is usually conducted in controlled environments such as laboratories.
True
What type of data does quantitative research use?
It uses numbers, statistics, and measurable data.
Why is random assignment important in experimental research?
It helps reduce bias and make groups more similar.
True or false: Quasi-experimental studies normally occur in completely controlled laboratory conditions
False
True or false: Quasi-experimental research is commonly used in real classrooms where students already belong to certain classes.
True
Experimental or quasi-experimental?: A school introduces a new English learning platform in one grade. Another grade continues with traditional activities. Researchers compare exam results at the end of the semester.
Quasi-experimental. The study uses existing groups in a natural school setting.
What is the main objective of experimental research?
The objective is to test cause-and-effect relationships between variables.
What is a pretest?
A test given before an intervention to measure participants’ initial level.
What is the difference between Experimental and Quasi-experimental research?
Whether the test groups were already formed or not
What elements help researchers establish a cause–effect relationship?
The main elements are manipulation of the independent variable, the presence of a control group, and random assignment.
What is the dependent variable?
The dependent variable is the outcome that researchers measure to see if it is affected by the independent variable.
What does a cause–effect relationship mean in experimental research?
A cause–effect relationship means that a change in one variable directly causes a change in another variable.
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The independent variable is the factor that the researcher intentionally changes to observe its effect on another variable.
Experimental or quasi-experimental?: A company introduces remote work in one branch office while another branch continues working in the office. After six months, researchers compare employee productivity.
Quasi-experimental. The study compares existing groups in real working environments
What is the main purpose of a posttest in a research study?
To measure changes after the intervention.
Why is the pretest especially important in quasi-experimental designs?
Because groups are not randomly assigned and may start with different levels.
Experimental or quasi-experimental?: A university researcher tests a new reading application in a computer lab. Half of the students use the application, while the other half reads the same texts in printed form. All students complete the activity in the same room and under the same time limit.
Experimental. The researcher controls the environment and conditions.
Experimental or quasi-experimental?: Researchers want to know if drinking coffee improves concentration. Participants go to a laboratory. One group drinks coffee before completing a concentration test, while another group drinks water. Both groups take the same test under the same conditions.
Is it Experimental or Quasi-experimental?
Answer:
Experimental. The study happens in a controlled environment where conditions are managed.
Can you give an example of an independent variable in education research?
A new teaching method used to improve students’ vocabulary learning could be the independent variable.
What do researchers compare to determine if an intervention was effective?
The pretest and posttest results.
Give one example of how a pretest and posttest could be used in a language learning study.
Students take a vocabulary test before and after using a new teaching method.