Vocabulary
Variables
Data
Experimental Design
Clinical Trials
100
Scientists collect evidence by making ___________.
What is observations?
100
Marcus wants to find out how long it takes his baby brother to fall asleep. Variables in his experiment include: a. time of day b. noise level c. both time of day & noise level
What is both time of day and noise level?
100
Data that describes things or tell about the characteristics or qualities of things.
What is qualitative data?
100
The following are all part of a well-designed experiment EXCEPT: a. a small sample size b. a reproducible procedure c. multiple trials d. control
What is a small sample size?
100
Today, a clinical trial of a new medicine could include: a. informed consent b. use of a placebo c. large sample size d. all of the above
What is all of the above?
200
Any data gathered by using only your senses. Example: Mrs. Krause has an Iowa State poster hanging on her wall.
What is an observation?
200
Josh wonders which of his friends can run the fastest. He decides to have his friends run for 30 seconds and see who runs the farthest. List the variable(s) that Josh is planning to control. a. time b. distance c. both time and distance d. neither time and distance
What is time?
200
Data that you can count or measure with numbers.
What is quantitative data?
200
Lydia is curious about how sunlight affects plant growth. Lydia places 5 ivy plants near a window with full sunlight for 20 days and 5 ivy plants in a classroom with no windows for 20 days. Lydia measures the plant's heights before and after the 20 days. What is the independent variable that Lydia is testing?
What is... the amount of sunlight?
200
Number of Feel the Feel Feel of patients Same Better Worse Treatment Group 100 21 72 7 Control Group 100 77 31 2 How many people made up the sample size of people treated with medicine?
What is 100 patients?
300
Developing a conclusion or forming an explanation based on evidence gathered with your senses. Example: Mrs. Krause has an Iowa State football poster so she is likely an Iowa State football fan.
What is an inference?
300
Josh wonders which of his friends can run the fastest. He decides to have his friends run for 30 seconds and see who runs the farthest. Which variable(s) is Josh planning to measure?
What is distance?
300
List 3 pieces of quantitative data about one of your group members.
What is -12 years old? -5 feet 2 inches? -10 fingers?
300
Lydia is curious about how sunlight affects plant growth. Lydia places 5 ivy plants near a window with full sunlight for 20 days and 5 ivy plants in a classroom with no windows for 20 days. Lydia measures the plant's heights before and after the 20 days. What is the dependent variable?
What is... the height of the plants?
300
Number of Feel the Feel Feel of patients Same Better Worse Treatment Group 100 21 72 7 Control Group 100 77 31 2 List the number of patients who experienced the placebo effect. Explain how you know.
What is 31 patients? We know this because they are people in the control group, who received the medicine and reported feeling better even though they didn't receive medicine.
400
The range of the following set of data is ________. 3.2 m, 2.2 m, 7.8 m, 6.7 m, 1.4 m
What is 1.4 meters - 7.8 meters?
400
To keep variables constant means to:
What is.. keep all variables the same, except the one being tested?
400
List 3 pieces of qualitative data about one of your group members.
What is -color of clothing? -color of hair? -color of eyes? -size?
400
Lydia is curious about how sunlight affects plant growth. Lydia places 5 ivy plants near a window with full sunlight for 20 days and 5 ivy plants in a classroom with no windows for 20 days. Lydia measures the plant's heights before and after the 20 days. How could Lydia increase her sample size?
What is... increase the number of plants?
400
Number of Feel the Feel Feel of patients Same Better Worse Treatment Group 100 21 72 7 Control Group 100 77 31 2 List the effectiveness of the medicine.
What is... the medicine is 72% effective in making patients feel better compared to the placebo that made 31% of patients feel better. The medicine is 41% more effective than the placebo.
500
The average of the following set of data is _______. 3.2 m, 2.2 m, 7.8 m, 6.7 m, 1.4 m
What is 4.26 meters?
500
Lydia is curious if sunlight is required for plants to grow. Lydia places 5 ivy plants near a window with full sunlight for 20 days and 5 ivy plants in a classroom with no windows for 20 days. Lydia measures the plant's heights before and after the 20 days. Lydia's control in her experiment is _________.
What are the plants near the window?
500
Drew doesn't like eating raw carrots. He decides to provide his parents with qualitative data to support his opinion. List two pieces of qualitative data the Drew could use to support his decision to not eat carrots.
What is -carrots taste bad? -carrots taste dry? -carrots are hard to chew? -carrots take a long time to peel?
500
Lydia is curious about how sunlight affects plant growth. Lydia places 5 ivy plants near a window with full sunlight for 20 days and 5 ivy plants in a classroom with no windows for 20 days. Lydia measures the plant's heights before and after the 20 days. Write a hypothesis for Lydia's experiment in if/then/becuase form.
What is ... If a plant is placed in a room with no sunlight, then it will not grow as much as a plant placed near a window because plants require sunlight to create the energy required to grow. Hypothesis must be in if/then/because format.
500
Explain why scientists use placebos when testing medicine on humans.
What is scientists use placebos as the control of a clinical trial. The placebo allows scientists to compare the results of the patients that took the placebo to the patients that took the medicine. This comparison helps to prove that patients that got better after taking the medicine, got better as a result of the medicine and not some other variable/factor like the placebo effect.
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