Founders
I created the first psychology lab.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt
This theory believes (1) psychology should be an objective science and (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
What is Behaviorism?
This group is exposed to the treatment (1 version of the independent variable).
What is the experimental group?
A statistical procedure for analyzing the results of multiple studies to reach an overall conclusion.
What is meta-analysis?
Thought process that does not automatically accept arguments and conclusions as facts.
I was the first woman to complete a Ph.D. program in Psychology, though I was not awarded the degree.
Who is Mary Whiton Calkins?
This theory explored ways the unconscious mind and childhood experiences influenced behavior.
This factor is manipulated and it's effect is studied.
Independent variable
A descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the home of revealing universal principles.
Case-Study
This element questions if a prediction can be confirmed.
What is curiosity?
I was the first to question the definition of psychology as "the science of mental life" and later redefined it as "the scientific study of observable behavior. I was also know for the "Little Albert" experiment.
Who is John B. Watson?
This perspective focuses on how our genes and our environment influence our individual differences.
What is Behavior Genetics?
This factor is might influence the results of an experiment but is not the factor being studied.
What is Confounding variable?
A descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate or control the situation.
What is naturalistic observation?
This element encourages researchers to be open to surprising results and to follow new ideas.
What is humility?
We found behaviorism and Freudian psychology too limiting and preferred to focus on growth potential rather than conditioned responses or childhood experiences.
Who are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow?
A possible sample question of this perspective might be "How do we use information in remembering, reasoning, and/or problem solving?".
What is Cognitive Psychology?
A selection that fairly represents a population of study because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
What is Random Sample?
A descriptive technique for obtaining the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually questioning a representative, random sample of the population.
What is a survey?
This element asks questions in order to sort reality from fiction or fantasy remaining free from cynicism and gullibility.
What is skepticism?
I, with others, created a new subfield of psychology focusing on what emotions, traits, and behaviors lead to human flourishing.
Who is Martin Seligman?
This approach integrates what 3 levels of analysis to generate a more holistic view of the person.
What is biopsychosocial approach?
What are biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels?
A carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study.
In this type of research, an investigator manipulates one or more factors to observe the effect on behavior and/or mental processes.
What is an experiment?
An evidence-based method that draws on observation and experimentation.
What is the empirical approach?