Early Explorations
This Portuguese prince helped finance the earliest Portugues voyages into the Atlantic.
Who is Henry the Navigator?
These were the early Spanish soldiers and explorers of the Americas.
Who are conquistadors?
This was the lowest group in the Spanish colonial hierarchy.
This was the movement of plants, animals, and people between the Old and New Worlds.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
This was a hoped-for water passage through North America to get to Asia.
What is the Northwest Passage?
This type of product from Asia was the main merchandise that Europeans were hoping to make a profit on.
What are spices?
This Spanish leader using diplomacy, allies, weapons and tactics, and determination, and aided by disease, managed to conquer the Aztec Empire.
Who is Hernan Cortes?
A grant to a right of Native American labor on a tract of land given to Spanish conquerors.
What is an encomienda?
This dissident priest started a movement of protest against the Catholic Church.
Who is Martin Luther?
This was the main product which the French acquired from North America.
What are furs?
This Portuguese ship made the European Era of Exploration possible.
What is the caravel?
This Spanish explorer led an expedition through what is now the Southwest United States all the way to modern Kansas and Nebraska in an attempt to find the Seven Cities of Cibola and El Dorado.
Who is Francisco Vasques de Coronado?
These are the three types of Spanish settlements.
What are pueblos, missions, and presidios?
This religious movement broke the Catholic unity of Western Europe.
What is the Protestant Reformation?
Other than Spain, these three European countries were the main explorers and colonizers of North America.
What are England, France, and the Netherlands?
This captain was the first European to sail to India from Europe.
Who is Vasco da Gama?
This Spanish leader conquered the Inca by ambushing and holding hostage their emperor.
Who is Francisco Pizarro?
This Spanish Priest advocated for the humane treatment of the Native Americans.
Who is Bartolome de Las Casas?
This European country became Protestant after the Pope refused to annul the marriage of its king Henry VIII.
What is England?
Along this river the Dutch settled Fort Orange and the city of New Amsterdam, now New York.
What is the Hudson?
This instrument, which was used to measure the positions of stars, allowed sailors to determine their latitude (how far north or south they were).
What is an astrolabe?
The Aztec Emperor when the Spanish arrived in Mexico.
Who is Montezuma/Moctezuma?
This was the highest class in the Spanish colonial hierarchy.
What are peninsulares?
This economic theory held that a nation’s power was based on its wealth.
What is mercantilism?
This French explorer settled Quebec and has a lake named after him between what is now New York and Vermont.
Who is Samuel de Champlain?