Intro and Chapter 1
What does HOV stand for?
Human-occupied vehicles
What does Alvin have that allows it to study samples?
It has cameras and robotic arms.
How is the long-necked barnacles clustered around vents able to survive without sunlight?
It feeds on the sugars produced by the bacteria around these vents.
To crush something into dust
Pulverize
Descent
To go down
What is a thermal vent?
This is a crack in the ocean floor where heated water gushes into the cold ocean water.
True or False: The area around a black smoker is impossible to survive in.
How does pillow lava form?
Extremely strange/weird
Peculiar
Scalding
What is the main difference between Alvin and a regular submarine?
Alvin has been designed to withstand enormous pressure that would pulverize a normal submarine
What temperature can black smokers reach?
700 degrees Fahrenheit
How much of the ocean floor will the new Alvin be able to explore?
99%
Temperature scale widely used in the USA
Fahrenheit
Geyser
A hot spring that shoots out extremely hot water
How many main tectonic plates are there?
7
What is the black "smoke" that comes out of black smokers?
It is superheated water full of dissolved materials.
How were scientists able to map seamounts?
They used a sonar system and an echo sounder.
A sudden event that causes a lot of damage
Catastrophe
Tectonic
Plates or crust of Earth
How do undersea mountain ranges or ridges form?
What are some of the minerals that are pushed out by black smokers?
Zinc, copper, and sulfur
True or False: Tube worms only leave their shells when the vents are no longer blowing hot water.
False; they never leave their shells
Scientific study of ancient life on Earth through fossils
Paleontology
Dynamic
Constantly changing