Exercise Science Basics
What is the correct definition of exercise science?
The study of numerous aspects of physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance that have the common characteristic of movement and the adaptations that occur as a result of physical activity and regular exercise.
What is the central pressure consequence of the Valsalva maneuver and why?
During strain, pressure increases due to impeding the inferior vena cava, and post-strain pressure decreases lower than resting values.
According to the American Heart Association, what SBP is considered elevated blood pressure?
121-129
What needs to be established first before the other can be utilized?
UL, AI, RDA, EAR.
EAR, the RDA
What is Wishnofsky's rule?
3500 kcals=1 lb of fat
Which model emphasizes that an individual's behavior is influenced by their larger social group?
Ecological models
What is the correct definition of physical activity?
Movement activities of daily living, including work- and job-related activities, leisure time activities, and activities performed around the home.
What are the components of the FICK equation?
VO2 = Q X AVO2 difference
The study comparing the Smith machine versus the regular bench found? what in relation to muscle activation?
Increased medial delt activation on the free bench.
A Calorie (as found on food labels) is equal to 1,000 calories. True or False?
True
As part of adaptive thermogenesis, provide a direction for the following as to how they would change to provoke a person to gain weight back.
RMR, NEAT, TEF
They all go down
In the Health Belief Model, what does 'Perceived Susceptibility' refer to?
The belief in the risk of contracting an illness.
What is the correct definition of exercise physiology?
The study of the anatomical, physiological, and functional responses and adaptations that occur during and following physical activity and exercise.
List 4 body composition assessments
Skinfold, bodpod, DXA, UWW, BIA, ultrasound
After wearing abdominal weightlifting belts, what was found in relation to injury risk?
It increased.
You want to look at the impacts of exercise intensity on blood glucose levels. What is the independent variable?
Intensity.
What percentage of VO2max is genetically determined?
47%
Which theory focuses on attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control?
Theory of planned behavior
What is the correct definition of homeostasis?
The maintenance of relatively stable internal physiologic conditions.
When bending down to touch the floor, one may experience shortening of the hamstrings at the point of maximal length. This reaction is due to?
muscle spindles.
The London Busman study found?
Drivers were bigger and increased risk for CHD.
Which cognitive disruption is proposed as a theory for why restrained eaters binge eat?
Abstinence violation Effect
What is the correct order of circulation through the heart? Order the following
aorta, Left atrium, Right atrium, Left ventricle, pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery, lungs, right ventricle
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, Left atrium, Left ventricle, aorta
What is THE key component of Social Cognitive Theory?
Self-efficacy
What is the correct definition of validity
The extent to which a measuring device measures what it proposes or claims to measure.
The length-tension relationship of the sarcomere states, the sarcomere exerts most force when it is neither lengthened nor shortened. Why?
When lengthened or shortened, the myosin heads are not all in contact with actin.
As exercise intensity goes up (%VO₂max), which energy sources is used?
Carbohydrates.
Exercise adherence is challenging for most individuals, and approximately what percentage of those who start a program discontinue or "drop out" within the first 6 months?
50%
Type I fibers are known as slow oxidative and are known for their slow speed of contraction and __________ resistance to fatigue.
High
Which model includes stages such as Precontemplation, Contemplation, and Preparation?
Transtheoretical Model.