Cold
This method of thermal transfer is used when treating with an ice bag.
What is conduction?
Superficial heating modalities are able to penetrate this deep beneath the skin.
What is less than 2cm?
This frequency of ultrasound is typically used for more superficial tissues.
What is 3mHz?
Ultrasound uses this type of thermal transfer to provide treatment.
What is conversion?
This biological tissue is the primary resistor to electrical stimulation.
What is skin?
Skin is rewarmed after a cryotherapy treatment by the air, absorbing heat from the underlying tissue, and this.
What is warm blood flow to the area?
This method of thermal transfer is used when treating with a warm whirlpool.
What is convection?
Acute injuries are a contraindication for this type of thermal modality.
What are heat modalities?
This duty cycle is most appropriate for chronic injuries.
What is 100% duty cycle? (continuous)
What is motor-level stimulation?
This law states that the greater the temperature gradient, the greater the transfer of energy.
What is Fourier Law?
This occurs when a body part is heated for too long at too high of an intensity. It is the body's way of sacrificing superficial tissue to save the deeper tissues.
What is rebound vasoconstriction?
The primary goal of this type of electrical stimulation is to reduce muscle atrophy and re-educate the muscle.
What is "Russian" stimulation?
This term states that the intensity of ultrasonic energy decreases as the distance it travels increases.
What is attenuation?
In addition to sensory and motor nerves, this type of tissue can be stimulated by electrical stimulation treatments.
What are muscle fibers?
When combined with a standard cold modality, this additional treatment can help to decreased tissue temperature even greater.
What is compression?
This is the primary effect on cells when treated with heat modalities.
What is increased metabolic rate?
Someone with Raynaud's phenomenon should be avoid using this type of thermal modality.
What are cold modalities?
This is the amount of energy that passes through the ultrasound head while performing treatment. It can increase when surface area between the head and skin is decreased.
What is spatial average intensity?
A monophasic current produces this type of electrical stimulation?
What is high volt (or DC)?
Cryotherapy works on this type of pain control by reducing inflammation and limiting swelling.
What is primary pain control?
This can be achieved when a heat modality is immediately followed by tension or stretching.
What is plastic deformation?
This type of ice is preferred when creating an ice bag due to it's ability to conform better to body parts.
What is crushed ice?
This is the term used to describe the amount of area that energy is able to effectively come out of the ultrasound head. It is approximately half of the transducer head.
What is Effective Radiating Area?
This law states that opposite charges attract and like charges repel.
What is Coulumb's Law?