Ch. 19 Performance Factors
Fatigue originating in the brain or spinal cord is known as:
A) Peripheral fatigue
B) Central fatigue
C) Neuromuscular fatigue
D) Metabolic fatigue
B) Central fatigue
Excessive training without enough rest, leading to decreased performance, is called:
A) Undertraining
B) Variation
C) Overtraining
D) Retraction
C) Overtraining
A BMI of 27.2 kg/m² in an adult would be classified as:
A) Normal weight
B) Underweight
C) Obesity
D) Overweight
D) Overweight
Hypothermia is defined as a core temperature below:
A) 38°C
B) 36°C
C) 35°C
D) 32°C
C) 35°C
Which of the following can interfere with calcium binding to troponin, reducing force production?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Hydrogen ions
C) Lactate
D) Glycogen
B) Hydrogen ions
A short-term reduction in training before competition to enhance performance is known as:
A) Peaking
B) Tapering
C) Balancing
D) Drafting
B) Tapering
A traditional rule of thumb is that a deficit of 3,500 kcal results in a loss of:
A) 1 ounce of fat
B) 1 pound of fat
C) 1 kilogram of fat
D) 10 pounds of fat
B) 1 pound of fat
The most serious heat-related medical emergency is:
A) Heat cramps
B) Heat exhaustion
C) Heat syncope
D) Heat stroke
D) Heat stroke
*** Double Points***
Fatigue during ultra-endurance events is strongly linked to depletion of:
A) Muscle water content
B) Muscle glycogen stores
C) Red blood cells
D) Adrenaline levels
B) Muscle glycogen stores
Systematically varying training volume and intensity is called:
A) Integration
B) Sequencing
C) Periodization
D) Distribution
C) Periodization
*** Double Points***
For men, essential body fat levels are generally around:
A) 3–5%
B) 8–10%
C) 12–15%
D) 20–25%
A) 3–5%
*** Double Points***
The primary reason VO₂ max decreases at altitude is:
A) Higher muscle acidity during exercise
B) Increased air density for breathing
C) Reduced arterial oxygen availability
D) Slower red blood cell production
C) Reduced arterial oxygen availability
The order of muscle fiber recruitment with increasing exercise intensity is:
A) Type IIa → Type I → Type IIx
B) Type I → Type IIx → Type IIa
C) Type I → Type IIa → Type IIx
D) Type IIx → Type IIa → Type I
C) Type I → Type IIa → Type IIx
*** Double Points ***
RICE stands for Rest, Ice, Compression, and_____?
Elevation
Fat tissue is a poor conductor of electricity because it:
A) Has high water content
B) Contains many blood vessels
C) Has low water content
D) Has a high concentration of minerals
C) Has low water content
A key adaptation from heat acclimatization is:
A) Reduced sweat production
B) Higher core temperature
C) Increased plasma volume
D) Decreased body size
C) Increased plasma volume
“This dangerous condition, sometimes seen in ultra-endurance athletes, results from overhydration and low blood sodium.”
A) Hyperkalemia
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Hyponatremia
D) Hypercalcemia
C) Hyponatremia
DOMS is mainly caused by microscopic damage to:
A) Nerve endings
B) Skin tissues
C) Muscle fibers
D) Capillaries
C) Muscle fibers
The Siri equation estimates body fat percentage using measurements of:
A) Body cross-sectional area
B) Body density
C) Body surface area
D) Body volume
B) Body density
This gas binds hemoglobin and decreases oxygen delivery during exercise:
A) Ozone
B) Sulfur trioxide
C) Nitrogen dioxide
D) Carbon monoxide
D) Carbon monoxide