The American Revolution (1775-1783)
This phrase, popular during the American Revolution, expressed colonists’ frustration at paying taxes without having a voice in British government.
What is "No taxation without representation"?
France’s class system had this group, which included the clergy and nobility, not paying any taxes.
What are the 1st Estate and the 2nd Estate?
Before the Enlightenment, kings ruled by this belief, claiming that their authority came directly from God.
What is divine right?
This innovation, developed in Britain in the 1700s, allowed goods to be produced in large quantities using machines.
What is mass production?
This scientist challenged the geocentric model of the universe, proposing a heliocentric model instead.
Who is Nicolaus Copernicus?
The American Revolution was influenced by this earlier event in Britain, which introduced limited monarchy and a Bill of Rights.
What is the Glorious Revolution?
This event, during the French Revolution, saw thousands of people, including King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette, be executed.
What is the Reign of Terror?
This political idea, introduced during the Enlightenment, stated that governments exist to serve the people.
What is the social contract?
These two inventions were crucial to the Industrial Revolution and transformed transportation and energy.
What are steam engines and railroads?
This scientist, known for his work in physics and mathematics, developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation.
Who is Isaac Newton?
This document, signed in 1776, outlined the ideas of liberty, equality, and democracy, officially declaring American independence.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
This document, created during the French Revolution, demanded liberty, equality, and fraternity for all citizens.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
The Enlightenment’s influence on the French Revolution can be seen in this, which calls for individual rights and freedoms.
What is the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
The Industrial Revolution led to the creation of this new social class, characterized by factory work and urban living.
What is the working class?
This scientist, who used a telescope to support the heliocentric theory, was put on trial by the Church for his views.
Who is Galileo Galilei?
After the revolution, the United States created a government based on this principle, which ensures that the people hold the ultimate power.
What is popular sovereignty?
After the French Revolution, this individual rose to power and became Emperor of France.
Who is Napoleon Bonaparte?
The Enlightenment promoted this way of thinking, which encouraged people to question authority and base decisions on reason and evidence.
What is logic and reason?
This concept emerged from the Industrial Revolution, where businesses compete for profit in a free-market economy.
What is capitalism?
The Scientific Revolution led to the rise of this method, which emphasizes observation, experimentation, and the use of reason to understand the world.
What is the scientific method?
This country helped the United States win the revolution by sending soldiers and supplies.
What is France?
This group, who made up the majority of the French population, benefited from the French Revolution by gaining freedom from feudal obligations.
Who are the peasants?
The Enlightenment and the French Revolution inspired future democratic movements in these two regions.
What are Europe and Latin America?
This system, which called for worker rights and collective ownership of the means of production, emerged as a response to capitalism during the Industrial Revolution.
What is socialism?
The Scientific Revolution influenced this major shift in society, as people began to rely on logic and reason rather than tradition and religion.
What is the Enlightenment?