Colonial Regions
What cash crop made the Virginia colony profitable?
Tobacco
What system was used to attract settlers by granting land to sponsors of immigrants?
The Headright System
Who founded Pennsylvania as a "holy experiment"?
William Penn
What was the Mayflower Compact?
An agreement by the Pilgrims to form a self-governing community
What was King Philip’s War?
A violent conflict between New England colonists and Native Americans in 1675–1676
Which colonial region had the most religious diversity?
The Middle Colonies
What were the Navigation Acts designed to enforce?
British control over colonial trade (mercantilism)
What religious movement encouraged emotional preaching and individual connections with God?
The First Great Awakening
What did the colonial assemblies do?
Made local laws and managed colonial affairs, especially taxes
What led to Bacon’s Rebellion in 1676?
Frontier settlers' frustration over Native American attacks and lack of government support
Which colony was founded as a haven for Catholics?
Maryland
What was the triangular trade?
A trade route linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas involving slaves, raw materials, and manufactured goods
Name two influential preachers during the First Great Awakening.
Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield
What was the dominant form of government in most colonies by 1750?
A royal governor appointed by the king, with an elected colonial assembly
What was the impact of Bacon’s Rebellion on labor systems?
Shift from indentured servants to African enslaved labor
Which colonies were known for their town meetings and Puritan influence?
New England Colonies
What was the term for colonies providing raw materials to the mother country and buying its goods?
Mercantilism
How did the Enlightenment influence colonial political thought?
It promoted ideas like natural rights, liberty, and the social contract
Why did Britain allow colonial self-government for so long?
Due to salutary neglect, and because the colonies were profitable and distant
What caused the Pueblo Revolt in 1680?
Native resistance to Spanish colonization and forced religion
How did geography shape the economy of the Southern Colonies?
Fertile land and a long growing season led to plantation agriculture and reliance on enslaved labor.
What economic effect did salutary neglect have on the colonies?
: It allowed colonial economies to grow and develop their own trade networks and self governments governments.
How did religion influence education in the New England colonies?
Puritans valued literacy to read the Bible, leading to the creation of schools and colleges like Harvard.
How did the development of colonial assemblies like the Virginia House of Burgesses reflect early democratic principles in the colonies?
They allowed colonists to elect representatives and make local laws, reflecting early ideas of self-government and laying the foundation for republican ideals.
What did the Stono Rebellion reveal about slavery in the South?
That enslaved Africans resisted their conditions, leading to harsher slave codes