Cognitive
the tendency to remember the first and last words on a list
serial position effect
period of sleep in which muscles are relaxed but body is otherwise physiologically aroused
REM
According to Freud, the first psychosexual stage.
Oral
Chronic feelings of worthlessness lasting over two weeks.
major depression
Working harder in front of an audience. When you are good at the activity you'll do better in front of an audience, the opposite if you're bad.
Social facilitation
process of getting information stored into memory
encoding
Sleep disorder that occurs during stage 4 sleep and is often mistaken for nightmares
sleep terrors
The unconscious part of personality that operates on the pleasure principle.
id
Eliminating a behavior by pairing it with an unpleasant stimulus.
Aversive conditioning
Part of the brain that when stimulated, causes rats to eat.
Lateral hypothalamus
the best example of a particular concept
prototype
a test that predicts how well you will learn something new in the future
aptitude test
The second level from the bottom on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Safety
Method encouraged by Roger's in which therapist rephrases patient's thoughts.
active listening
Being motivated to perform a behavior for external rewards.
Extrinsic motivation
proactive interference
reliable; valid
Bandura's phrase for the idea that we influence our environments, and our environments influence us.
Reciprocal determinism
Disorder in which the patient constantly interprets normal body functions as physical disorders.
hypochondriasis
Enhancement of prevailing tendencies of a group following discussion.
group polarization
judgment based on how well something fits a particular prototype
representative heuristic
A statistical method used to find related items on a test.
factor analysis
Studied by Seligman with dogs in electrified chambers from which they couldn't escape. This is what happens when animals feel they have no control over their situations.
learned helplessness
Using many different therapy styles.
Eclectic
Theory that states we act to reduce discomfort caused when thoughts and actions don't align.
cognitive dissonance