RedOx
This is the name of a species that oxidizes other species
What is an oxidant?
The general type of reaction categorized as a Phase II reaction
What is increase?
This term means the maximum concentration of a compound of interest
What is Cmax?
What is ABC transporters?
What is redox potential (Eo)?
The co-factor for UGT
What is UDPGA?
This nuclear receptor is the main target for CYP enzyme induction
What is PXR?
This describes the physiologic state when the rate of input of a drug/xenobiotic equals its rate of elimination
What is steady-state?
This is the major bile acid uptake transporter on basolateral membrane of hepatocytes
What is NTCP?
This amino acid produces citrulline and NO via NO synthase
What is arginine?
A species difference in metabolic pathways that detoxicate this compound makes it less toxic in mice than in humans
What is alfatoxin?
This family of CYP enzymes is regulated by the nuclear receptor PXR
What is CYP3A?
This is the organ missing from this list of organs that can clear drugs/xenobiotics: liver, kidney, gut, lung, ___
What is skin?
Blocking the activity of this transporter in the liver and gut would increase its substrate concentrations in both blood and liver
This is the starting material for the reaction that produces uric acid
What is hypoxanthine?
The subcellular localization of sulfotransferases
What is cytosol?
This is the prototypical inducer for PPARa
What is clofibrate?
This is the term for the situation in which there is a greater than proportional increase in drug/xenobiotic AUC (exposure) compared to dose
What is capacity-limited elimination?
Blocking this transporter's function in the kidney contributes to ivermectin accumulation
This chemical is metabolized to radicals that cause liver toxicity via lipid peroxidation-dependent or -independent pathways
This cellular model has the least similarity to human liver CYP expression levels
This is the organ where presystemic elimination primarily occurs if F(portal vein) approximates F(oral)
What is the liver?
This in vitro model provides in vivo-like conditions such as canalicular network formation and maintenance of transporter function
What are sandwich cultured human hepatocytes?