Energy
Define energy and its unit.
Energy is the ability to do work, measured in joules (J).
What is crude oil made from?
Dead plants and animals buried under mud and sand for millions of years.
Name the six main food substances.
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibre.
What is the unit of current?
What is the capital of France?
Paris
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = ½ × m × v².
Name a method to refine crude oil.
Fractional distillation.
What is the key function of carbohydrates?
They are the main source of energy for body activities.
What is a simple circuit?
A closed circuit with a power source and a load, such as a light bulb.
Who wrote Romeo and Juliet?
William Shakespeare
Explain the law of conservation of energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.
What is cracking in crude oil refinement?
Breaking large hydrocarbons into smaller, more useful ones like alkanes and alkenes.
Define dietary fibre and its function.
Fibre is indigestible plant material that prevents constipation and lowers blood lipid levels.
What is the difference between conductors and insulators?
Conductors allow current to flow freely; insulators resist current flow.
What is the largest planet in our solar system?
Jupiter.
Describe the difference between conduction, convection, and radiation.
Conduction transfers heat through contact, convection through fluid movement, and radiation through electromagnetic waves.
What are hydrocarbons? Name two examples.
Compounds made of hydrogen and carbon. Examples: Methane (CH₄) and Ethane (C₂H₆).
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino acids.
What is the purpose of a fuse in a circuit?
To protect the circuit by melting and breaking if the current exceeds a safe level.
What element has the symbol "Au"?
Gold
What is the efficiency formula?
Efficiency = (Useful energy output ÷ Total energy input) × 100%.
What are the main uses of crude oil fractions?
LPG, petrol, kerosene, diesel, lubricating oil, and bitumen for construction.
What happens if your body lacks iron?
It causes anaemia, resulting in fewer red blood cells.
Explain Ohm's Law and its formula.
Voltage = Current × Resistance (V = I × R).
What is the smallest country in the world
Vatican City