Five Pillars & Worship
This Pillar is the statement of belief in one God and Muhammad as His messenger.
Shahada (Declaration of Faith).
What is the Qur’an to Muslims?
The holy book—God’s revelations to Muhammad.
In which city did Islam begin?
Mecca
This city is Islam’s holiest site and home to the Kaaba.
Mecca
Describe Arabia’s climate in one phrase.
Hot, dry desert with scarce water.
Muslims do this five times a day while facing Mecca.
Pray (Salat).
The Sunnah is based on these reports of Muhammad’s words and actions. It is called what?
Hadith
This 622 CE journey from Mecca to Medina marks the start of the Islamic calendar.
The Hijra
Name one major Muslim capital known for learning and culture.
Examples: Baghdad, Córdoba, Cairo, Damascus.
These green, watered spots in the desert allowed farming and settlements.
Oases
During this month, Muslims fast from dawn to sunset.
Ramadan
Together, the Qur’an and Sunnah guide this system of law.
Sharia (Islamic Law)
What was formed in Medina that united Muslims under shared beliefs and laws?
The first Muslim community (ummah).
This overland trade route connected the Muslim world with China and Central Asia.
The Silk Road.
Name one way Muslim rule spread after Muhammad’s death.
Through military campaigns and treaties under early caliphs (Rashidun/Umayyad).
This Pillar requires giving a share of wealth to help those in need.
Zakat (Charity).
Name one everyday behavior shaped by Qur’an and Sunnah.
Examples: honesty in trade, treating others fairly, daily prayers, giving charity.
What message about God did Muhammad preach that he shared with Judaism and Christianity?
Monotheism—belief in one God.
Name two valuable goods that moved along Muslim trade routes.
Examples: spices, textiles (silk/cotton), paper, steel, sugarcane, citrus.
What are the two sides of the Muslim religion?
Sunni and Shia
Name the journey to Mecca that Muslims try to make at least once if able.
Explain the main difference between the Qur’an and the Sunnah.
Qur’an = revealed word of God; Sunnah = Muhammad’s example and teachings.
After returning to this city, Muhammad cleansed the Kaaba of idols.
Mecca
Why were merchants respected in Arab society?
Trade created wealth, spread ideas/technology, and connected distant cultures.
Which sides of the Muslim religion believe in what?
Sunni believe Abu Bakr, who was Muhammad's father-in-law, was the rightful successor, while Shia Islam believes that Ali, Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, was the rightful successor.
Bonus question: Which one has more people?