Respiratory System
This large, dome-shaped muscle located below the lungs plays a crucial role in breathing by contracting and flattening to allow lung expansion.
What is the diaphragm?
This organ, often called the "voice box," houses the vocal folds and is essential for phonation.
What is the larynx?
This muscle flattens when contracted to create more space for the expansion of the pulmonary apparatus during inspiration.
What is the diaphragm?
This is a cycle of one inspiration and one expiration.
What is the respiratory cycle?
The trachea located in relation to the larynx.
What is posterior?
These tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs are where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.
What are alveoli?
These structures, located in the larynx, vibrate to produce sound when air passes through them.
What are the vocal folds (or vocal cords)?
When contracted, this group of muscles pulls the ribcage downward and the abdominal wall inward, aiding in expiration.
What are the abdominal wall muscles?
A control variable that combines two or more lung volumes.
What is a lung capacity?
This medical device is inserted into the trachea to help breathing in patients with air obstructions.
What is a tracheostomy tube?
The windpipe, which connects the larynx to the bronchi and serves as the main airway leading to the lungs, is called...
What is the trachea?
This articulatory muscle, considered the most important for shaping speech sounds, moves to form different consonants and vowels.
What is the tongue?
A muscle originating behind the ear with two attachment points at the clavicle and at the sternum that plays an important role in pulling the ribcage up during inspiration.
What is the sternocleidomastoid?
A state in which the alveolar pressure and the atmospheric pressure are the same, and occurs after each inspiration and expiration.
What is the resting expiratory level (REL)?
In relation to the pectoralis minor, the large chest muscle is superficial.
What is the pectoralis major?
This cluster of neurons in the brainstem, known as the respiratory center, is responsible for controlling the rhythmic pattern of breathing.
What is the respiratory rhythm generator?
This specific cranial nerve, known as the "wandering nerve," plays a critical role in controlling the muscles of the larynx and contributes to voice production.
What is the vagus nerve?
The muscles found on the outer side of the rib cage that run in a downward and forward fashion, that pull each rib below it up during inspiration.
What are the external intercostals?
A combination of all lung volumes measured, which is the maximum amount of air that can be held in the lungs. On average, is found to be around 6,000 mL.
What is the total lung capacity (TLC)?
This volume of air is inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing and is shown on the lung volume chart.
What is tidal volume (TV)?
This condition, often caused by inflammation or fluid buildup, is characterized by difficulty in breathing and reduced oxygen exchange in the alveoli.
What is pneumonia?
This complex process involves the coordination of the respiratory, phonatory, resonatory, and articulatory systems to produce spoken language.
What is speech production?
The muscles found on the inner wall of the rib cage that run in a downward and backward fashion, that pull each rib above it down during expiration.
What are the internal intercostals?
The amount of air still left in the lungs after exhalation. This is necessary for the lungs to stay functional and has to be measured indirectly.
What is residual volume (RV)?
This medical device measures the lung volumes and capacities that are used after surgery to help with deep breathing.
What is an incentive spirometer?