Barriers to entry
What is the the name of the specialized circulatory system within the brain?
What is the blood-brain barrier?
This route of administration cannot be used with unconscious patients.
What is oral?
Which major organ is typically involved in eliminating drugs from the body?
What are the kidneys?
This category of liver enzymes has 3 sub-families and participates heavily in drug metabolism.
What are the cytochrome enzymes ("CYPs")?
This type of endogenous receptor is often used to "Trojan Horse" some drugs from the blood into the brain proper.
What is the transferrin receptor?
An intramuscular (IM) injection represents what category of administration route?
What is parenteral?
Most drugs are eliminated from the body under what rate model?
What is first order kinetics?
Which specific liver enzyme metabolizes most drugs?
What is CYP3A4?
To pass through the brain's vascular system, which two properties of the drug are advantageous?
What are small size and lipid solubility?
Which route of administration would typically result in the most rapid distribution of a given drug systemically?
What is inhalation?
Which phase of reaction in drug elimination makes use of glucuronidation?
What is Phase II?
This field of study's primary goal is to administer medications to an individual by knowing their genetic composition of relevant targets.
What is pharmacogenomics (or pharmacogenetics)?
This object injected into a subject is being developed as a means to mechanically and transiently disrupt the brain's vasculature to facilitate drug entry.
What are microbubbles?
Drugs like the nicotine patch represent what route of administration?
What is transdermal?
What is the major category of enzymes that mediate most phase I reactions?
What are CYPs?
This enzyme is responsible for metabolizing the pro-drug codeine into its active metabolite.
What is CYP2D6?