Protein
this macronutrient is made up of amino acids.
What is protein?
There are this many essential amino acids.
What is nine?
When nitrogen intake equals nitrogen excretion, the body is in this state.
What is nitrogen balance?
Protein is essential for maintaining this type of tissue.
What is muscle tissue?
Enzymes are made of this macronutrient.
What are proteins?
These are the “building blocks” of protein.
What are amino acids?
These amino acids can be made by the body.
What are non-essential amino acids?
A positive nitrogen balance indicates this is happening in the body.
What is growth or tissue building (anabolism)?
This type of exercise is especially important for preserving muscle mass.
What is resistance training (or strength training)?
This digestive enzyme breaks down proteins in the stomach.
What is pepsin?
Adults should consume about this many grams of protein per kilogram of body weight daily.
What is 0.8 grams?
A protein that contains all essential amino acids is called this.
What is a complete protein?
A negative nitrogen balance can occur during these situations.
What are illness, injury, or inadequate protein intake?
As people age, they naturally lose muscle mass in a process called this.
What is sarcopenia?
Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down this sugar.
What is lactose?
A diet too low in protein can lead to this condition marked by muscle wasting.
What is protein deficiency (or muscle loss)?
Combining rice and beans provides all essential amino acids, making them this type of proteins.
What are complementary proteins?
Nitrogen is excreted from the body mainly in this form.
What is urea?
Adequate intake of this macronutrient, besides protein, helps spare muscle from being broken down for energy.
What are carbohydrates?
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering this.
What is activation energy?
Too much protein can place extra strain on this organ system.
What is the kidneys?
This amino acid is a precursor to serotonin, often linked to mood regulation.
What is tryptophan?
Athletes and pregnant women are often in this type of nitrogen balance.
What is positive nitrogen balance?
This “threshold” effect describes the minimum protein needed at each meal to stimulate muscle protein synthesis.
What is the leucine threshold (or protein threshold)?
This suffix is commonly found at the end of enzyme names.
What is “-ase”?