AI 101
A finite sequence of well-defined instructions, typically used to solve a problem.
What is an algorithm?
Arora et al. say LLMs “do not like uncertainty,” so they sometimes state false information with confidence. This is the term
What is a hallucination?
Chatbots studied for anxiety and depression deliver exercises from this kind of therapy.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy?
A computer built on quantum mechanics, using qubits instead of ordinary bits
What is a quantum computer?
The facility full of servers and networking gear that powers AI models
What is a data center?
In supervised learning, experts tag data with the correct answer, such as marking pneumonia on an X-ray. This is called?
What is labeling?
A systematic error in a model, often because the training data wasn’t representative of the task or people it was mean to serve.
What is Bias?
AI scribes reclaimed about 15,791 hours of clinicians’ time on this task
What is documentation?
A qubit can be in a combination of 0 and 1 at once until it is measured. This is the principle
What is superposition?
Not a formal diagnosis, this term describes people developing or deepening delusional beliefs through intense chatbot use.
What is “AI psychosis”?
This field of AI lets machines interpret images and video, like reading a retinal photo or a mammogram .
What is computer vision?
In a German screening study of 463,094 mammograms, AI-aided radiologists found this much more cancer
What is 17.6%?
A salesman must visit every city once and return home by the shortest route. This is the problem
What is the traveling salesman problem?
A hypothetical AI that could learn and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks at human-level proficiency.
What is artificial general intelligence(AGI or GI)?
A deep learning model trained on huge amounts of text to produce coherent, natural-sounding language.
What is an Large Language Model (LLM)?
An AI system can lose accuracy after deployment when equipment or patient mix changes. This is the term
What is drift (model drift)?
ICU machine-learning suppressor cut these by 60% with no missed critical events, easing “alarm fatigue”
What are false alarms?
Besides superposition, this quantum phenomenon, in which particles’ states are linked, is core to how quantum computers work
What is entanglement?
This name for algorithms whose reasoning can’t be inspected. The Arora paper says shouldn’t be allowed in medical decision-making
What is a “black box”?
MD Anderson spent $62 million on this IBM system for oncology recommendations, then abandoned it
What is Watson?