Winter Gear and Clothing
What is the best layering system for winter activities?
Synthetic base layer, fleece, softshell
What is the primary use of snowshoes?
To distribute weight and “float” on the snow.
When used correctly, what is snow’s main survival function?
It is an excellent insulator.
What is the best way to ensure your sleeping bag is fit for Winter camping?
Check the degree (temperature rating) and choose one that is well below the limit of the forecast.
What part of the belay system must always be controlled?
The brake strand
What is the main function of sunglasses in winter?
Protecting from snow blindness.
Name three parts of the XC ski.
Tip, Tail, binding.
True or False: A recent avalanche in an area makes a new avalanche less likely
False
What is Leave No Trace Principle #6?
Respect Wildlife!
What is the primary purpose of front points on crampons?
Climbing steep ice
Considering insulation, what is the best technique for sleeping warm while winter camping?
Doubling up on sleeping pads.
Name two knots important for successful rock climbing & belaying
Figure 8 follow-through & Barrel knot.
What are 2 red flags of potential avalanches?
High winds, new snow, temperature changes, steep terrain, unstable snow.
What is a Canadian snow shelter dug from a large pile of snow called?
What is the part of the ice axe used for chopping steps?
Adze
True or False: It is best to hold your bladder through the night to avoid exposure to cold temperatures.
False.
What came first? The first ascent of Mount Everest, or the founding of the PSU Outing Club?
Penn State Outing Club is founded (1920). First Ascent (1959).
What is the most reliable type of cook stove for backcountry winter environments?
White gas stoves.
What parts of the body are the first to lose heat in cold conditions?
Hands & feet
The most common friction hitch. It will easily slide along the rope when used in a hand line.
Prussik
What is one of the best ways to dry out clothing while backcountry winter camping
Sleep with your wet/frozen layers near your body heat.
Which of the following walking techniques is NOT used uphill in crampons: Duck walk, Sidestep, Plunge step, American step, Flat foot.
Plunge step is used for downhill.
What are two common misconceptions about avalanches?
"I can ski faster than the avalanche." & "Loud noises can trigger avalanches."
Name three things that is different about a 3-season tent compared to a 4-season tent?
Stronger poles, less mesh lining, dome shape, snow skirts, larger, constructed for snow and wind pressure.
What outdoor retail company introduced a design that sets the new standard for technical tools used for climbing technical and vertical ice.
Grivel, 1996.