Present Perfect Basics
What auxiliary verb is used to form the Present Perfect?
Have / Has
What auxiliary verb is used to form the Past Perfect?
Had
Change to Present Perfect: “I last saw him in 2020.”
I haven’t seen him since 2020.
Make this Present Tense: “I ___ (see) that movie before.”
have seen
Complete: “She ___ (never / be) to London.”
has never been
Complete: “By the time we arrived, the film ___ (start).”
had started
Change to Past Perfect: “She arrived. Then the meeting started.”
The meeting had started before she arrived.
Past Perfect: “They ___ (be) dating for 10 years when they got married.”
Had been
True or False: “I have went to the store.” (If false, fix the mistake)
False (should be I have gone to the store)
True or False: “She had already left when he arrived.” uses the Past Perfect correctly. (If false, fix the mistake)
Make a question: “They have visited Paris.”
Have they visited Paris?
Error correction: “I have finished my homework before dinner yesterday.”
I had finished my homework before dinner yesterday.
Make this negative: “They have finished the project.”
They haven’t finished the project.
Make it negative: “He had done his homework.”
He hadn’t done his homework.
Combine using “when”: “He finished dinner. Then he watched TV.”
He watched TV when he had finished dinner.
Fill in: “She was tired because she ___ (study) all night.”
had studied
Why do we use the Present Perfect?
To talk about experiences or actions with results in the present.
When do we use the Past Perfect tense?
To show that one action happened before another past action.
Rewrite using “already”: “She finished the exam early.”
She had already finished the exam.
Create a sentence using both tenses. (In the same sentence)
Example: I have met many people since I had moved to Madrid.