Lung Volume
Air inhaled and exhaled during "quiet breathing"
Tidal Volume (TV)
Fully reversible lung disease
Asthma
Often associated with lung hilar lymphadenopathy.
Sarcoidosis
An ancient disease-1000 years ago evidence.
Tuberculosis
Lung collapse
Atelectasis
Total volume of air available in the lungs.
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
Permanent widening of bronchial airways.
Bronchiectasis
Acute injury to lungs which leads to severe pulmonary edema that fills the alveoli.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Similar to RSV and most active in late winter to spring
Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV)
Classified as transudative or exudative
Pleural Effusion
Extra exhale after normal exhale.
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Related to a dysfunction of the CFTR channels.
Cystic Fibrosis
Can be community, hospital and ventilator acquired
Pneumonia
This virus infiltrates the apical ciliated epithelial cells of upper airways
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Due to asbestos exposure- it forms mesothelial plaques.
Mesothelioma
Volume that can be forcefully exhaled after full inhale
Vital Capacity (VC) or (FVC)
Damages alveolar sacs, ducts and alveoli.
Emphysema
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Severe coughing can lead to subconjunctival hemorrhages, tears in nipple line, rib fractures, etc.
Pertussis (whooping cough)
One of the major types of this is oat cell carcinoma
Small Cell Lung Cancer
Air that can be blown out in 1 sec after full inhale
Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
Viral infection. Usually secondary to RSV.
Bronchiolitis
Over time, leads to fibrosis and granulomas
Sarcoidosis
Causes "breathing through straw" pursed lip reaction
COPD
Air collects in the pleural cavity and outside of lungs.
Pneumothorax