Conditional Statements
I'd use this type of loop to stir the mixing bowl exactly 50 times.
A FOR Loop
This Karel command makes our fluffy friend pick up a tennis ball.
takeBall();
The abbreviated term for AI systems that learn from data.
ML (Machine Learning)
The actual code that programmers write and can read.
Source Code
At the beginning, Karel's first function taught him how to:
turnRight();
A WHILE loop will repeat its code until:
The condition becomes false
You can use // or /* */ to tell the computer to ignore everything after or in-between.
Comment
ChatGPT and Claude are examples of this type of AI, which is trained on massive amounts of text.
Large Language Model (LLM)
Linux and Firefox are examples of this type of software where anyone can see and modify the code.
Open-Source Software
This Karel condition checks if there's a wall directly in front of Karel.
frontIsBlocked(); OR frontIsClear();
This is the partner of an IF statement that runs when the condition is NOT true.
An ELSE Clause
A small, reusable piece of code that performs one specific task.
Function
When an AI confidently makes up fake information that sounds believable, it's doing this.
Hallucination
Microsoft Windows, Adobe Photoshop and NBA 2k25 are examples of this type of software that companies keep private.
Proprietary Software
Fill in the blank to help Karel to move up the tower:
turnLeft();
putBall();
move();
_______________
move();
putBall();
move();
turnRight();
putBall();
How many times will this loop repeat?
function runFar() {
for (var i = 1; i > 10; i++) {
turnLeft();
}
}
Never!
The process of breaking a big programming project into smaller, easier-to-manage pieces.
Top-Down Decomposition
This type of attack tries to trick the AI backend by adding sneaky instructions in the user's message.
Prompt Injection
These people help improve open-source projects by fixing bugs, adding features, or writing guides.
Contributors
If you want Karel to collect every ball along a path of unknown length, you'd use this type of loop with ballsPresent().
WHILE
This is what programmers call true/false expressions.
Condition
The term to describe a project's ability to easily grow or shrink with changing demands and complexity.
Scalability
An advanced AI might improve itself using this technique, where incorrect behavior is punished and correct behavior rewarded.
Reinforcement Learning
This legal document tells you what you're allowed to do with a piece of software - MIT, GPL, and Apache are common types.
License
This is the programming concept you're practicing when you create helper functions like turnRight() and turnAround() for Karel.