Microbe Mayhem
This infection causes a painless chancre, whereas herpes causes painful vesicles
What is syphilis?
This precancerous lesion found on sun-exposed skin presents as a rough, scaly papule and has the potential to progress to squamous cell carcinoma.
What is actinic keratosis?
This biomarker correlates with ventricular wall stretch and helps assess severity of heart failure.
What is BNP?
This blood-based screening test is preferred over the tuberculin skin test in adults who received the BCG vaccine.
What is an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)?
Frequent viral upper respiratory infections, daycare attendance, secondhand smoke exposure, bottle-feeding while lying flat, and a short horizontal eustachian tube are all risk factors for this childhood condition.
What is acute otitis media?
Primary syphilis should initially be diagnosed with this test visualizing T. pallidum from the chancre.
What is dark-field microscopy?
A rapidly evolving lesion with asymmetry and multiple colors most likely represents this malignancy.
What is melanoma?
Unlike STEMI, this condition has elevated troponins but no ST elevation.
What is NSTEMI?
This fungal disease is associated with bat droppings, while its primary differential (TB) is spread human-to-human.
What is histoplasmosis?
This airway emergency presents with drooling, inspiratory stridor, thumbprint sign on neck x-ray, and is treated by securing the airway in a controlled setting followed by IV antibiotics.
What is epiglottitis?
This is the most common causative organism of epiglottitis in unvaccinated children.
What is Haemophilus influenzae type B?
This benign lesion appears waxy and “stuck on,” helping differentiate it from melanoma.
What is seborrheic keratosis?
This imaging modality is the best initial choice to diagnose a suspected aortic dissection in a stable patient.
What is CT angiography?
This type of pleural effusion results from increased capillary permeability or impaired lymphatic drainage and is commonly caused by infections or malignancy.
What is an exudative pleural effusion?
Acute onset severe eye pain, nausea, decreased vision and a mid-dilated fixed pupil indicate this diagnosis.
What is acute angle-closure glaucoma?
What two fungal infections are strongly associated with the Ohio River Valley?
What are histoplasmosis and blastomycosis?
This most common skin cancer often appears on sun-exposed areas as a pearly papule with telangiectasias and may ulcerate, forming a “rolled border.”
What is basal cell carcinoma?
A TEE with bubble study is most sensitive for diagnosing this congenital cardiac defect.
What is a patent foramen ovale?
Hypoxemia that does not correct with supplemental oxygen, diffuse alveolar damage, and bilateral infiltrates with normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure point toward this diagnosis.
What is ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)?
Topical sympathomimetics are administered to cause this response in the treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma.
What is pupillary constriction?
The initial management of this life-threatening condition includes aggressive IV crystalloid resuscitation and early administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics after blood cultures are obtained.
What is septic shock?
This systemic treatment is required for tinea capitis because topical agents cannot penetrate the hair shaft.
What is oral terbinafine?
Longstanding hypertension and myocardial ischemia from coronary artery disease are two of the most common causes of this type of heart failure.
What is left-sided heart failure?
Diffuse bilateral infiltrates in immunocompromised patients suggests this fungal infection.
What is pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia?
This eye condition presents with photophobia, pain, redness most pronounced at the limbus, and may show inflammatory cells or “flare” in the anterior chamber on slit-lamp exam.
What is uveitis?