mitosis and meiosis
what is mitosis
a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth: Compare with
know the functions of organelles of a cell
what's the meaning of hypertonic
having a higher osmotic pressure than a particular fluid, typically a body fluid or intracellular fluid.
how to solve a pun net square for inheritance of a trait from 2 parents
For a Punnett square with two traits, you need to have four combinations of the two genes (for different traits) given by each parent on the sides. Each combination will be there once for a 1/4 chance, twice for a 1/2 chance, three times for a 3/4 chance, and four times for a total chance, so there will be four written combinations for each parent.
how to solve a family pedigree chart for inheritance
what are the stages of mitosis
prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
the differences between a plant and an animal cell
hypotonic and isotonic solutions
Isotonic Solution:- If the medium has exactly the same water concentration as the cell, there will be no net movement of water across the cell membrane. Such a solution is known as an isotonic solution. The water flow in this type of solution is zero. Hypotonic solution:- A hypotonic solution that has a lower solute concentration in comparison to another solution
whats the difference between dominate and rescessive genes
dominant genes always express the dominant trait Recessive mutations lead to a loss of function, which is masked if a normal copy of the gene is present
what is a gene
a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
what cells of the body use mitosis
all eukaryotic cells
what is diffusion of particles
Diffusion occurs when particles spread
what's the difference between heterozygous and homozygous genes
Key Differences If the organism has two copies of each gene that may be identical allele are called homozygous, whereas the body carries two copies of each gene (both dominant and recessive) are called heterozygous. Homozygous results in similar individuals, whereas heterozygous results in dissimilar individuals.
what's a blended gene
Blending inheritance. As an example of this a crossing of a red flower variety with a white variety of the same species would yield pink-flowered offspring. Charles Darwin 's theory of inheritance by pangenesis, with contributions to egg or sperm from every part of the body, implied blending inheritance
how does a gene work
Genes store the recipes for making protein molecules,
what is meiosis
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores: Compare with mitosis
what is the chemical formula for cell respiration
Glucose + Oxygen ➜ Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy Released (ATP
what's the difference between genotypes and phenotypes
genotype describes a person’s genetic makeup, while phenotype describes their observable characteristics
what is incomplete dominance
Incomplete dominance is a type of inheritance, specifically a type of intermediate inheritance where one allele for a specific trait isn’t entirely expressed (entirely dominant) over its paired allele.
what is the purpose for pedigree charts
Pedigree charts can be used to determine genotypes
how is meiosis different than mitosis
Mitosis has one round of cellular division and genetic separation whereas meiosis has two rounds.
what is cellular respiration
the metabolic process in living organisms by which oxygen is combined with carbon in a cell to form carbon dioxide and generate energy.
how to solve a punnet square
A Punnett square simulates two organisms reproducing sexually, examining just one of the many genes that get passed on. The completed square shows every possible way the offspring could inherit this gene, and what the chances are for each result. Making Punnett squares is a good way to get started understanding the fundamental concepts of genetics.
what is co-dominance
relationship between two versions of a gene
how to know if a gene is homozygous
If the alleles are identical, you’re homozygous for that specific gene