Biosphere and Biomes
Whats the difference between a community and population?
Community- all the populations that live in one area
Population-all members of a species living in the same area
What provides all of the energy into ecosystems?
the sun
What's the difference between weather and climate?
Weather-day to day
Climate- long term patterns
Is disease density independent or dependent?
Dependent
Difference between habitat and tolerance
Habitat- an area with particular combo of physical and bio factors
Tolerance- range of EXTERNAL conditions within which a species can survive and reproduce
Name 2 biotic factors and 2 abiotic factors in an ecosystem
Biotic- living things (predators, preys)
Abiotic-non living things (water, sunlight)
Describe the difference between autotrophs and hetertrophs
Autotrophs-make their own food
Heterotrophs- have to eat other organisms to survive
Give 3 factors that increase a population size
Immigration, increase in food, rising birth rate
Define density independent limiting factors and give an example
Describe the competitive exclusion principle
No 2 species can occupy same niche in same habitat at same time
Describe the difference between photic and aphotic zone in aquatic ecosystems.
Photic zone- sunlight region, upper 200 meters of water
Aphotic zone- sunlight doesn't reach
What important job do decomposers have in an ecosystem?
Recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem
Give 4 factors that decrease a population size
Death, disease, emigration, less food
Define density dependent factors and give an example
Depends on the density of a population
Whats the root system of mushrooms called?
Mycellium
What's the importance of the global ocean currents in climate and weather?
Circulates warm water from equator to poles, moving weather systems and affecting climate
How much energy is transferred between energy levels in a trophic pyramid?
10%
Describe exponential growth, how can you recognize it on a graph?
Occurs under ideal conditions with unlimited resources
Describe commensalism v. mutualism v. parasitism
Commensalism- 1 benefits other neither help nor harm
Mutual-both benefit
Parasitism-1 benefit 1 harmed
Give 3 differences between plant and animal cells
1. Cell wall
2. Vacuoles
3. Chloroplasts
Why are estuaries important for sharks and other animals?
Serve as a breeding ground and nursery
How is carbon removed from the carbon cycle?
Plants and soil uptake CO2
What's the difference between carrying capacity and limiting factors?
Carrying capacity- max number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support
Limiting factors- any factor that controls the growth of a population
Describe a keystone species and give an example
Plays vital role in structure and stability (otters in kelp forest)
Describe active vs. passive transport
Active requires energy in form of ATP, passive doesn't require energy