Definitions
predictions that are not used in the construction of a theory, and that correctly predict aspects of a phenomenon that we were not already aware of.
Novel Predictions
Observation that shows theory is false.
Falsification
When Was Karl Popper Born?
1902
What is the best way to test a theory?
Try and show it is false
What is the inference of a general law from particular instances.
Induction
Theory proven only when can observe phenomena.
Naïve inductivism
State of a theory that has shown to be false.
Falsified
Believed scientific theories were came from
Inspiration, creativity, intuition derived from real life.
The process of fixing/adjusting your theories to explain refutable evidence
ad - hocing
Deduction is
the inference of particular instances by reference to a general law or principle.
Fallibilism is
all our knowledge of the world is provisional and subject to correction in the future.
Falsificationism
Popper's claim that scientists are only intersted in falsification.
What his main deal? How did this all come about?
He wanted to differentiate science from pseudo science.
What should scientists always be critical of?
Their own scientific theories!
What is tautology ?
a statement that is true by necessity or by virtue of its logical form.
Hypothetico deductivism
formulating a hypothesis in a form that can be falsifiable, using a test on observable data where the outcome is not yet known
True or False- Induction exists in falsificationism
FALSE
Why didn't Popper like Marxism & Psychoanalysis?
Predictions were too general and vague.
principels were SO general they could be compatible with any observaton
What are degrees of falsification
Testability is falsifiability; but there are degrees of testability: Some theories are more testable, more exposed to refutation, than others;
The philosophical doctrine that only statements that are empirically verifiable are cognitively meaningful, or else they are truths of logic
Verification Principle
What is corroboration
bold conjecture that made novel predictions that were not falsified.
Falsification is only possible in science IF
THERE IS INTERSUBJECTIVE AGREEMENT among scientists about what is being tested on any given occasion.
Why did Popper have issues with verificationism?
Because its easy to find confirmations of any theory if we look for them.
What is the difference between the context of discovery and the context of justification?
Distinction between the inventing of scientific theories (context of discovery) and their testing (context of justification).
A non -refutable theory to Popper is
Nonscientific