Types of Family
what is childless family?
two partners living together without children
whats the term for human traits like height or skin color?
polygenic inheritance
what is germinal stage?
during the first two weeks, fertilization and implantation occurs
Evolutionary psychologists use this concept to explain why human infants across all cultures share built-in survival traits like a fear of heights
phylogeny
causes the baby to suck on anything that touches the roof of their mouth
sucking reflex
if the parents of a child pass away, what type of family the child could have?
a grandparent family
what is phenotype?
the observable behavior, sequence of DNA an individual inherits that expreses, such as physical traits
what is the embryonic stage?
the second stage of pregnancy when major organ systems, brain structures and limbs begin to form
explains how genetic inheritance is unique in each individual
ontogeny
a newborn is startled by a loud noise, throws its arms outward and then pulls them away back in tightly
Moro reflex
what members does a nuclear family have?
mother, father and child/children
what is genotype?
the complete genetic instructions an organism inherits, the code written in DNA
what is fetal stage?
The final, longest stage of pregnancy, lasting from week nine till birth
what can be inherited form a parent?
50 percent of your DNA
what is rooting reflex?
a parent strokes a baby's cheek, the baby turns its head toward the touch and looks for milk
what is blended family?
a household created when adults bring their children from a previous relationship
what is an example of observable traits/behaviors?
high levels of maternal stress hormones during pregnancy can alter a child's behavioral phenotype
what condition is an expectant mother experiencing if she suffers from severe mood swings, extreme fatigue, and deep sadness during her pregnancy?
prenatal depression
how do psychologists classify survival actions like crying or clinging that keep infants close to caregivers?
attachment behaviors
is when a newborn automatically closes their fingers and holds tightly when something touches their palm
Palmar Grasp Reflex
how does an extended family form?
when nuclear relatives and other family members like grandparents or cousins live together or nearby
how does the environment affect our phenotype?
an organism's phenotype depends on its genotype interacting with this non-genetic factor
chronic panic or trauma in a pregnant individual triggers high levels of this stress hormone to cross the placenta and affect the fetus
cortisol
Which ultimate goal do physical adaptations serve by helping an organism survive long enough to pass on genes?
reproductive success
what is Tonic Neck Reflex?
the baby’s head is tilted to the side & causes the arm and leg on that side to flex