Foster Care
This is the number of youth in foster care at any given time.
What is half a million?
This is kinship foster care.
What is the placement of foster children with extended family members?
This form of care accounts for 82% of the sample population in the study.
What is traditional foster care?
This approach to research describes the process by which the researchers analyzed the data.
What is a quasi-randomization with instrumental variables approach?
This was raised by the authors as a potential concern regarding their findings.
What is response bias (or non-response bias)?
This is where funding for foster care comes from.
What are the state and federal governments?
This is the explanation cited in the article for why kinship placements can be motivated by cost reductions.
What is kinship providers use fewer state provided support services?
This data set excluded foster youth who were not involved in the system at age 17.
What is the National Youth in Transition Database (NYTD)?
This is the instrument that the authors chose for their instrumental variables identification strategy.
What is the monthly subsidy payment?
The authors highlighted this as a way to evaluate policy benefits because they dominate social cost calculations.
What are long-term considerations?
This is where the path to foster care generally begins.
What is an allegation of abuse or neglect is made?
These are the adult outcomes that increase with kinship placements.
What are employment and education?
This data set is a census of all children covered by the protections of the Social Security Act.
What is the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS)?
This is a major factor (other than child age) in determining the amount for a monthly subsidy payment.
What is disability status?
This is why the authors believe a longitudinal approach was important.
What are the effects of placement choice may take time to impact foster youth?
These are the factors courts must balance when making removal decisions.
What are family preservation and child protection?
These are the adult outcomes that decrease with kinship placements.
What are the usage of public assistance, homelessness, incarceration?
This is the number of long-run outcome categories the researchers consider using the NYTD.
What is 3?
This is the type of effect the researchers are trying to account for by using the method they chose.
What is a confounding selection effect?
These are the reasons the authors provide for why kinship placements may reduce the trauma of removal.
What are kinship placements match nuclear family, race, religion, cultural dimensions of youth?
These are undesirable outcomes associated with traditional foster care named in the article.
What are lower levels of education and employment, greater rates of drug use, incarceration, homelessness, unplanned fertility, and welfare recipiency?
The authors cited these characteristics of kinship caregivers as disadvantages associated with kinship placements.
What are older, poorer, less educated, less healthy and less likely to use resources and support services?
These are the 2 categories (alongside responder vs. non-responder) that the authors compare using responder characteristics to check for effects.
What are easy responder and hard responder?
This term in the instrumental variables equation could refer to, for example, children who have potentially better future outcomes being more likely to be acceptable to traditional foster parents.
What is the error term?
These are listed as reasons the authors believe kinship may be better for youth.
What are stronger familial relations even after transitions out of care, reduction of the trauma of removal, compensation, kinship placements lasting longer?