Vocabulary
To utterly defeat
Pope whose speech called for the First Crusade
Urban II
"I live! I live! Fight on! We shall conquer yet!"
William the Conquerer
Describe Rodrigo's vision at the inn and its prediction
Inheritance of lands and properties
Patrimony
Fortress in a commanding position
Citadel
King of Scotland who murdered Macbeth
Duncan
"I am _________, the leper to whom thou wast so kind. Because I have breathed upon thee, thou shalt accomplish whatever thou shalt undertake in peace or in battle."
St. Lazarus
How was Edward important to the development of Christianity in England?
As well as being himself an example of a just and pious ruler, he built many churches and monasteries around England and rebuilt Westminster Abbey.
When was the first capture of Jerusalem by Crusaders?
1099 AD
Burial chamber or vault
Sepulcher
German emperor who drowned in his armor on the way to the Holy Land
Frederick Barbarossa
"Life's but a walking shadow, a poor player
That struts and frets his hour upon the stage
And then is heard no more. It is a tale
Told by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
Signifying nothing."
Macbeth
Why is the battle of Hastings so important to English history?
William's victory initiated 150 years of Norman rule in England. This had a profound effect on the English language, court, laws, culture, cities and towns, and so on.
Holy Roman emperor who had to submit to the pope
Henry IV
Severe and somber
Austere
First European king of Jerusalem; led First Crusade
Godfrey of Bouillon
"I have loved justice and hated inequity, therefore I die in exile."
Pope Gregory VII
Describe Gregory's diplomatic and political activities in the Church
Gregory (Hildebrand) undertook a series of diplomatic missions to France and Germany. He was the deciding influence in several papal elections. He was responsible for the two most important papal transactions of the time, entrusting the election of popes to the college of cardinals and negotiating an alliance with the Normans.
When did Arab Muslims recapture Jerusalem?
1187 AD
To rush out from a fortified position
Sally
Rodrigo Diaz de Bivar
"I cannot wear a crown of gold where Christ wore one of thorns, nor will I be called king in the land where once lived the King of Kings."
Describe Peter's mission of preaching Crusade and how it started
Inspired by the speech of Urban II, Peter went on a mission preaching Crusade through France, Italy, and Germany. He went with bare head and feet, wearing a coarse robe and riding a donkey. He preached in churches and on the street, wherever he could get an audience.
What legend arose about Frederick Barbarossa's death?
In grief over his death, the peasants of Germany came up with the story that he was still alive, but sleeping, in a mountain cave in Germany. When the ravens cease to fly, he was supposed to awake and restore Germany to greatness.