Purpose & Appeals (ELA.10.R.2.3)
Washington mentions his "45 years of service" and "falling into the shade of retirement." Which appeal is he primarily building?
A) Pathos
B) Logos
C) Ethos
D) Irony
ethos
Washington warns that political parties are dangerous. What is the most common opposing argument to this claim?
A) Parties are illegal under the Constitution.
B) Parties are necessary to check the government's power.
C) Parties are only for people who don't like the President.
D) Parties should only exist during wartime.
B) Parties are necessary to check the government's power.
Washington calls the Union the "Palladium" (a sacred shield) of liberty. What device is this?
A) Metaphor
B) Rhetorical Question
C) Irony
D) Zeugma
A) Metaphor
The word "Union" comes from the Latin root unus. Based on this, the Union represents:
A) A group of many different things.
B) Many parts becoming ONE single body.
C) A state of war between two sides.
D) The first step in a long process.
B) Many parts becoming ONE single body.
Washington warns against "insidious" foreign wiles. What is the connotation of "insidious"?
A) Positive (helpful)
B) Negative (sneaky/harmful)
C) Neutral (boring)
D) Humorous (funny)
B) Negative (sneaky/harmful)
200: Washington warns that "foreign influence is one of the most baneful foes of republican government." What is his primary purpose for using such strong language?
A) To encourage tourism to Europe.
B) To warn citizens that foreign alliances could destroy American independence.
C) To ask for a bigger military budget.
B) To warn citizens that foreign alliances could destroy American independence.
Washington argues for "Neutrality" in European wars. What was the main opposing argument from the "Pro-France" faction of the time?
A) France has the best food.
B) America should join Britain instead.
C) Neutrality is too expensive to maintain.
D) America owes France for their help during the Revolutionary War.
D) America owes France for their help during the Revolutionary War.
Is there a doubt whether a common government can embrace so large a sphere?" This Rhetorical Question is effective because:
A) Washington is actually confused and needs help.
B) It mocks the audience for being small-minded.
C) It ends the speech on a cliffhanger.
D) It forces the reader to realize that the Union is the only logical answer.
D) It forces the reader to realize that the Union is the only logical answer.
Washington mentions "animosity" between parties. The root anim- means "spirit" or "life." What does "animosity" mean here?
A) A lively party.
B) Animal-like behavior in Congress.
C) A "spirit" of strong ill-will or hostility.
D) A desire to bring things back to life.
C) A "spirit" of strong ill-will or hostility.
Washington refers to the "Government" as a "fabric." In this context, "fabric" means:
A) The literal cloth used to make the American flag.
B) A soft material that is easily torn.
C) The structural framework or "threading" together of the laws.
D) The clothing worn by the members of Congress.
C) The structural framework or "threading" together of the laws.
When Washington argues that the North and South are better off together because of their "intercourse and commerce," he is using:
A) Pathos to make them feel guilty.
B) Logos to show mutual economic benefit.
C) Metonymy to describe the ocean.
D) Asyndeton to speed up the sentence.
B) Logos to show mutual economic benefit.
Washington claims that parties lead to "the ruins of Public Liberty." How does he establish the validity of this claim?
A) By using "history and experience" as evidence of human nature.
B) By quoting the Bible.
C) By promising to stay in office if they don't stop.
D) By using a joke to lighten the mood.
A) By using "history and experience" as evidence of human nature.
Washington mentions "the sword of the state" to represent military power. This is an example of:
A) Asyndeton
B) Metonymy
C) Synecdoche
D) Antithesis
B) Metonymy
Washington warns of "providential" success. The root vid/vis means "to see." Therefore, "providential" means:
A) Something that was hidden from view.
B) A mistake that no one noticed.
C) Something provided by a "foresighted" divine power.
D) Something that is very expensive to see.
C) Something provided by a "foresighted" divine power.
Washington calls the "spirit of party" a "fire not to be quenched." What does the connotation of "fire" suggest?
A) It is useful for cooking.
B) It provides light to find the truth.
C) It is dangerous and can grow out of control if not watched.
D) It is warm and cozy.
C) It is dangerous and can grow out of control if not watched.
: Washington chose to publish this in a newspaper rather than speaking to Congress. This Author’s Choice reveals his purpose was to:
A) Avoid a long commute to the capital.
B) Assert that his primary "boss" was the American citizen, not the government.
C) Hide his speech from his political enemies in the Senate.
D) Save money on printing costs for the government.
B) Assert that his primary "boss" was the American citizen, not the government.
Washington says we are "too young" to get involved in Europe. An opponent might say we are "too weak" to survive alone. How are they using the same fact (America's age) to reach different ends?
A) Both want to go to war immediately.
B) Washington thinks age is a number; the opponent thinks it is a law.
C) Washington uses it for isolation; an opponent uses it for protection.
D) Neither argument is based on the age of the country.
C) Washington uses it for isolation; an opponent uses it for protection.
"The nation which indulges... a habitual hatred or a habitual fondness is in some degree a slave." Which device is used here?
A) Zeugma
B) Antithesis
C) Synecdoche
D) Irony
B) Antithesis
He speaks of a "precedent" he is setting. The root pre- means "before." A precedent is:
A) An action that "goes before" and serves as an example for the future.
B) Someone who lives in a house.
C) A mistake made in the past.
D) A way of ending a conversation.
A) An action that "goes before" and serves as an example for the future.
Washington uses "diffidence" to describe his feelings about his presidency. Based on his humble tone, this connotes:
A) Extreme arrogance and pride.
B) Great wealth and status.
C) A lack of self-confidence or modesty.
D) Anger and resentment toward the voters.
C) A lack of self-confidence or modesty.
Washington chose to publish this in a newspaper rather than speaking to Congress. This Author’s Choice reveals his purpose was to:
A) Avoid a long commute to the capital.
B) Assert that his primary "boss" was the American citizen, not the government.
C) Hide his speech from his political enemies in the Senate.
D) Save money on printing costs for the government.
B) Assert that his primary "boss" was the American citizen, not the government.
Evaluate the validity of Washington’s argument for "Neutrality." An opponent might argue that his logic is flawed because:
A) Europe is too far away to matter.
B) America is physically and economically tied to global trade, making isolation impossible.
C) Alliances are always free of charge.
D) The President doesn't have the power to make treaties.
B) America is physically and economically tied to global trade, making isolation impossible
Washington lists dangers: "...it agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection." By omitting "and" (Asyndeton), he:
A) Makes the dangers feel like a quick, overwhelming "pile-up."
B) Makes the text easier for children to read.
C) Shows that he is in a rush to finish the speech.
D) Suggests that these things will never actually happen.
A) Makes the dangers feel like a quick, overwhelming "pile-up."
Washington warns against the "subversion" of the Constitution. If sub- means "under" and -vert means "to turn," subversion is:
A) Strengthening the foundation.
B) Turning the government upside down or undermining it.
C) Reading the document very carefully.
D) Moving the capital to a new location.
B) Turning the government upside down or undermining it.
Washington calls the Union the "Palladium of your safety." In 1796, this word connoted a "sacred statue that provides protection." This choice:
A) Makes the Union seem like a piece of art.
B) Warns people that the government is made of stone.
C) Implies that if the Union is lost, the country's "sacred" protection is gone forever.
D) Suggests the Union is religious and cannot be touched.
C) Implies that if the Union is lost, the country's "sacred" protection is gone forever.