Independent vs. Dependent Variables
Trophic Levels
Symbiosis
Random
Water and Carbon Cycles
100
Define "independent variable" and "dependent variable"
IV = cause DV = effect
100
What is the prey of the secondary consumer?
Primary consumer
100
Does "+/-" represent mutualism, commensalism, or parasitism?
Parasitism
100
Define "niche"
The role an organism plays in an ecosystem
100
Name the four steps of the water cycle.
Precipitation Condensation Evaporation Transpiration
200
Which axis the independent variable found on?
x-axis
200
Put the following in order, starting from the BOTTOM of the food chain: quaternary consumer, primary consumer, producer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer
Producer Primary consumer Secondary consumer Tertiary consumer Quaternary consumer
200
Barnacles frequently live on the faces of whales. The barnacles gain a place to live, but the whale is not affected at all. What kind of symbiotic relationship is this?
Commensalism
200
Contrast "habitat" and "niche"
habitat = where an organism lives niche = role an organism has (what it does, what it eats, who eats it, when it is awake, how it mates...)
200
In transpiration, water evaporates from what PART of the plant?
stems and leaves (...NOT roots)
300
Donnie wanted to figure out if the amount of rainfall affects the height of palm trees in the jungle. Name the dependent variable.
DV = height of palm tree
300
Define heterotroph and autotroph.
Heterotroph = cannot make its own food, must eat other organisms for food, consumer Autotroph = can make its own food, producers/plants
300
Ladybugs eat aphids, which are a source of protein for the ladybugs. Which of these terms best describes the relationship between the ladybugs and the aphids? a. mutualism b. parasite–host c. predator–prey d. commensalism
Predator-prey (c)
300
Compare AND contrast primary and secondary succession
Compare = both series of changes in an ecosystem over time (rebuilding) Contrast = primary is rebuilding from scratch, secondary is rebuilding from a damaged by existing ecosystem
300
True or false: burning fossil fuels will help to pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere
false
400
Anita is trying to figure out if there is a relationship between the month of the year and her pet gerbil's weight. What axis should she put "month" on in a graph?
x-axis (independent variable)
400
Define carnivore, herbivore, and omnivore.
carnivore = only eats meat (anything that isn't a plant) herbivore = only eats plants omnivore = eats plants and animals
400
Some species of ants protect aphids from predators. The ants benefit by feeding on the honeydew produced by the aphids. Which of these terms best describes the relationship between the aphids and the ants? a. mutualism b. parasite–host c. predator–prey d. commensalism
mutualism (a)
400
The scientists discovered a species of fish that eats other fish and decaying matter. Which of these does not describe the newly discovered fish? a. consumer b. predator c. scavenger d. producer
D. producer
400
Name two differences between photosynthesis and chemosynthesis
1. one occurs when producers have light and the other occurs when there is no light available 2. photosynthesis uses light, chemosynthesis uses chemicals
500
Lucy is trying to figure out if the color of her dress affects how many compliments she gets. 1. Name the independent and dependent variables. 2. Name three constants that Lucy should have in her experiment.
IV = color of dress DV = number of compliments constants = style of dress, hair, make-up, place she goes, people she talks to, etc.
500
What will happen to the number of producers if the number of tertiary consumers increases?
It will decrease.
500
The deer tick feeds on the blood of the red squirrel, deer, and deer mouse. Which of these best describes the role of the deer tick in the forest food web? a. parasite b. producer c. carnivore d. omnivore
parasite (a)
500
Will an ecosystem be more stable if it is high in biodiversity or low. You MUST explain your answer.
High biodiversity. Explanations will vary.
500
What effect would increasing the number of trees have on the amount of carbon in the atmosphere? EXPLAIN your answer.
Decrease it -- plants use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. More plants = more carbon pulled out of atmosphere to use in photosynthesis.
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