Globalising Psychology
Much of the psychological research used to build theories about human behavior has relied heavily on participants from this region.
Western Populations
According to the paper, which cultural regions influenced the development of the Modern West?
Arab, Latin (Mediterranean), and South Asian cultural regions.
What are the 4 types of interdependece?
Self efficacy, Self-assertive, Expressive, Argumentative.
What cultural orientation emphasizes personal autonomy, freedom of choice, and prioritizing internal traits such as preferences and emotions?
Western Independence
What is our class room number?
Lincoln 2114
What is globalising psychology?
According to the authors, expanding psychological research to include multiple cultural regions and recognizing diverse psychological patterns is the central goal of this process.
What key historical insight do the authors provide about the relationship between the Modern West and older cultural regions?
The Modern West emerged after and was influenced by earlier non-Western cultural zones.
This cultural zone emphasizes conflict avoidance and maintaining social harmony, often encouraging people to downplay the self.
East Asia
Western independence did not emerge naturally everywhere but developed historically in Europe through major intellectual movements. Name one of the three key historical periods associated with the emergence of the Modern West.
The Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, or the Enlightenment.
Who is the current Psychology Department chair?
Shlomi Sher
Which cultural regions did the authors include to expand the traditional comparison between East Asian and North American perspectives?
Arab regions, Latin America, and South Asia.
Why do the authors argue that the Modern West adopted behaviors such as emotional expression, self-assertion, and argumentation?
Because these behaviors already existed in neighboring cultural zones and were adopted and reinterpreted in Western societies.
What is self-assertive interdependence
In Arab Regions, this type of interdependence assumes that individuals may assert themselves strongly to protect the honor and strength of their group.
What type of emotions are Westerners more likely to express
Emotions that disengage and separate the self from others like pride and anger
Where did Professor Goto do her Bachelor's degree?
UCLA
Why do the authors argue that comparing only Western and East Asian populations is insufficient for understanding global psychology?
Because it oversimplifies cultural differences and ignores the diversity of other cultural regions.
What important transformation occurred when the Modern West adopted behaviors from other cultural regions?
The meaning of those behaviors changed : behaviors that once supported interdependence were reinterpreted as expressions of independence.
Differentiate between argumentative and expressive interdependence
Argumentative interdependence: Relationships are maintained through debate and reasoning to negotiate social roles and obligations (common in South Asia).
Expressive interdependence: Relationships are maintained through open emotional expression that strengthens interpersonal connection (common in Latin America).
The authors argue that three behaviors often seen as markers of Western independence actually originated in other cultural regions before being reinterpreted in the West. Name two of these behaviors and the cultures associated with them
Self-assertion (associated with Arab cultures)
Emotional expression (associated with Latin cultures)
Argumentation (associated with South Asian cultures)
What is the name of Professor Goto's PhD?
Social/Organizational/Cross Cultural Psychology with a Quantitative minor
Why is the term “globalizing psychology” used rather than simply “cross-cultural psychology”?
Because the goal is not just to compare cultures, but to reconstruct psychological theories so they reflect global cultural diversity rather than Western assumptions.
According to the authors, what major perspective shift helped shape Western independence?
A shift from sociocentric perspectives (focused on relationships and social expectations) to egocentric perspectives (focused on the individual self).
How does self-assertion function differently in Arab interdependence compared to Western independence?
In Arab cultures self-assertion is used to protect and defend the ingroup, whereas in Western cultures it is used to express individual autonomy.
What is one of the assumptions as to why individualism developed in the West?
Europe’s moderate and dry climate, affording herding, might have contributed to the later development of individualism
or
Europe was “backward,” compared to the Mediterranean (including Latin and Arab regions) and South Asian regions during the ancient time under discussion, with less wealth, less prestige, and less status
or
What is Professor Goto's Research Lab's name
CRAB (Culture Race and Brain)