The Crusades
What event triggered the Crusades?
Muslim Turks capturing Jerusalem
What was the main purpose of the Magna Carta when it was initially signed in 1215?
To limit the king`s authority and protect baronial rights.
What key military innovation contributed to the decline of armored knights during the Hundreds Years War ?
The English Longbow
What was a significant advancement in Europe that resulted from the Crusades?
Advancements in navigation, shipbuilding, and exploration
What symbolic role did Jone of Arc play during the Hundreds Year War?
A symbol of faith and patriotism
What motivated feudal lords, knights, and peasants to participate in the Crusades?
Promises of salvation, adventure, and wealth
What was the primary focus of the 63 clauses within the Magna Carta?
Limiting the king`s power and ensure legal Fairness
How did military innovations contribute to the shift in power from nobles to kings ?
Kings built their own armies using cheaper, more effective weapons
What was the primary means by which the Black Death spread from Asia to Europe?
Trade routes with plague-infested rats and fleas
What was a significant long-term impact of the Crusades on Europe?
Heightened European interest in exploration and learning.
What was a common characteristic of participants in early Crusades?
Lack of training and equipment, leading to high casualties
What principle was established by clause 39 of the Magna Carta?
The right to a fair trial and due process
What was the Primary effect of military innovation like the longbow and the crossbow have on the power structure of the time?
Shifted the power from the nobles to the king by diminishing the importance of noble-led cavalry
What was a common medieval explanation for the cause of the Black Death?
Bad air or Miasma
What was a significant outcome of the First Crusade?
The capture of Jerusalem and establishment of Crusader states.
What was the Great Schism and how did it impact the church`s authority?
A split within the catholic church with two competing popes, damaging its authority and prestige.
How did kings primarily use the Magna Carta after its initial enactment?
As a barging tool to increase taxation
What military change resulted from the introduction of cannons during the Hundred Years War?
raditional fortification became less effective
Which Crusade resulted in a treaty allowing Christians access to Jerusalem but not controlled?
The Third Crusade
How did Crusades contribute to the decline of feudalism in Europe?
By increasing trade and weakening feudal lords through war expenses
What major event prior to the crusades contributed to Christian disunity and affected cooperation during the Crusades ?
The Great Schism
Where was the Magna Carta signed?
Runnymede
What was one political effect of the Hundreds Years War in England?
Parliament gained authority over the monarchy
How did the black Plauge help lead to the decline of feudialism?
Cause the peasants to be able to ask for more pay.
Which of the following leaders was instrumental in Muslim reconquest during the Crusades, specifically recapturing Jerusalem?
Saladin