Ch. 7.6 Nervous System Key Terms
Autonomic Nervous System
Controls involuntary body actions (like heart rate, breathing, and digestion).
Cerebrum
The largest part; responsible for thought, memory, speech, and voluntary action.
Midbrain
Connects brain parts; controls some eye and hearing reflexes.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The nerves extending from the CNS to the rest of the body.
Thalamus
A relay station that directs sensory signals to the correct area of the cerebrum..
Brain
The control center; processes information and coordinates all body functions.
Diencephalon
The area between the cerebrum and midbrain; contains the Thalamus and Hypothalamus.
Nerves
Bundles of fibers that carry messages (impulses) to and from the CNS.
Pons
Connects parts of the brain; assists with breathing, chewing, and tasting.
Ventricles
The four hollow spaces in the brain that produce and circulate CSF.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The main control unit, consisting of the Brain and Spinal Cord.
Hypothalamus
Controls involuntary functions like body temperature, appetite, and sleep.
Nervous System
The body's complex communication system that coordinates all activities.
Somatic Nervous System
Controls voluntary actions (like moving muscles) and relays sensory input.
Cerebellum
Coordinates muscle movement, balance, and posture.
Medulla Oblongata
Controls vital functions (heart rate, breathing, blood pressure).
Neuron
The basic nerve cell that transmits impulses.
Spinal Cord
CordThe main pathway for messages between the brain and the rest of the body; controls reflexes..
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
A fluid that cushions the brain and spinal cord (like a shock absorber).
Meninges
The three protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
Parasympathetic
The "rest and digest" system; calms the body down after stress.
Sympathetic
The "fight or flight" system; prepares the body for action/emergency