Forms of Energy AND Matter
Ariana uses balloons to investigate static electricity. Which of the following best explains what will happen when she brings two positively charged balloons close to each other?
A) The balloons will move apart.
B) One balloon will lose its charge.
C) The balloons will come together.
D) One balloon will gain a negative charge.
A) The balloons will move apart.
The stem is an important part of many plants. Which of the following is most similar to the role performed by the stem of a plant?
A) an anchor holding a boat in place
B) a snack company producing energy bars
C) a colorful sign attracting people into a store
D) an elevator transporting supplies from one floor to another
D) an elevator transporting supplies from one floor to another
Roger collected four rock samples and wrote a description of how each was formed. Which of the following rocks that Roger collected is a metamorphic rock?
A) Formed from magma that cooled slowly
B) Formed by pressure and heat over time
C) Formed from lava that cooled quickly
D) Formed by pieces of rock cemented together
B) Formed by pressure and heat over time
Mr. Washington mixed iron filings with sand. Then, he asked his students to separate the iron filings from the sand. Which of the following is the best tool to use to separate the iron filings from the sand?
A) magnifying glass
B) magnet
C) test tube
D) eyedropper
B) magnet
Jenny measures the outside temperature as 16 degrees Celsius (°C), 61 degrees Fahrenheit (°F). She observes precipitation falling from the clouds in a solid form. What type of precipitation is Jenny most likely observing?
Hail
An object moves through space with balanced forces acting on it. Which statement best describes the speed and direction of the object as long as the forces acting on it remain balanced?
A) The speed and direction of the object will both change.
B) The speed and direction of the object will remain constant.
C) The speed will change, but the direction will remain constant.
D) The speed will remain constant, but the direction will change.
B) The speed and direction of the object will remain constant.
The following organisms live in or near bodies of water: crab, fish, manatee, and turtle. Some are classified as vertebrates and some as invertebrates. Which organism is classified as an invertebrate?
crab
Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering?
A) Rocks form deep underground.
B) Rocks become smooth and round.
C) Rocks are broken apart into small pieces.
D) Rocks are moved from one place to another.
D) Rocks are moved from one place to another.
Delilah followed these steps of an investigation:
• Collect five objects made of different types of metal.
• Place them on a large laboratory table.
• Touch each metal object with a magnet and lift slowly.
• Record observations.
Which of the following statements is Delilah most likely testing?
A. Some types of metal are attracted to magnets.
B. Each magnet can lift the metal object to the same height.
C. Larger magnets can pick up heavier metal objects than smaller magnets can.
D. Heavier metal objects are more attracted to magnets than lighter metal objects are.
A. Some types of metal are attracted to magnets.
Astronomers study many different kinds of objects in our Solar System. Which of the following best describes a difference between comets and asteroids?
A) Comets orbit planets, and most asteroids orbit the Sun.
B) Comets are hot balls of gas, and asteroids are made mostly of ice.
C) Comets are made mostly of ice, and asteroids are made mostly of rocks.
D) Comets orbit the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, and asteroids form patterns in the sky.
C) Comets are made mostly of ice, and asteroids are made mostly of rocks.
Ethan is observing chemical and physical properties of a substance. He heats a substance and observes that the substance turns from a brown solid to a black powder. He refers to several chemistry journals that claim this represents a chemical reaction. From his observation and research, he concludes that the substance goes through a chemical change when heated. How can Ethan best defend his conclusion?
A. by demonstrating that the substance will eventually melt if the temperature continues to increase
B. by verifying that the substance is now made up of different molecules than before it was heated
C. by verifying that the substance is made up of only one type of element
D. by demonstrating that the substance is less dense after it is heated
B. by verifying that the substance is now made up of different molecules than before it was heated
Plants are classified according to their structures. Ferns reproduce without seeds and have simple tubes for transporting water. In which group of plants would ferns be classified?
A) spore-producing plants with many leaves
B) plants that produce fruit on their leaves
C) plants that carry seeds on their leaves
D) flowering plants with many leaves
A) spore-producing plants with many leaves
Rainwater seeps into cracks in a rocks. Freezing and thawing of the rainwater in the rock can cause weathering. Which of the following describes how this process happens?
A) As water flows through the cracks, it picks up the rock and carries it downhill.
B) As ice flows in sheets, it picks up the rock and carries it away.
C) As sand in the water flows, it scrapes the rock and wears it away.
D) As ice expands, it pushes against the rock and splits it apart.
D) As ice expands, it pushes against the rock and splits it apart.
Rashan is performing an investigation using several earthworms. He places a rectangular box under a bright lamp and covers one-half of the box so that it is shaded. Then, he puts the earthworms into the box on the side that is still brightly lit. Later, Rashan notices that all of the earthworms have crawled over to the shaded side of the box. Based on his investigation, which of the following is an observation rather than an opinion?
A. Earthworms are afraid of light.
B. Earthworms like staying together.
C. Earthworms move away from light.
D. Earthworms like living in the ground.
C. Earthworms move away from light.
The temperature of the air affects other weather conditions. Which of the following describes how temperature affects humidity?
A) Warmer air holds more water vapor than colder air.
B) Colder air is denser than warmer air.
C) Colder air holds more water vapor than warmer air.
D) Warmer air is less dense than colder air.
A) Warmer air holds more water vapor than colder air.
A closed circuit is a complete loop through which current flows. Which of the following lists the parts of a closed circuit?
A) wire, battery, bulb, closed switch
B) battery, bulb, open switch
C) wire, battery bulb, open switch
D) wire, bulb, closed switch
A) wire, battery, bulb, closed switch
Food webs show feeding relationships among different types of organisms. Those organisms each have a specific niche. Which of the following best describes a function of decomposers in food webs?
A. to recycle nutrients into soil
B. to convert solar energy into food
C. to provide food for secondary consumers
D. to compete with secondary consumers for oxygen
A. to recycle nutrients into soil
A sample of the mineral alcite is white with breaks along a smooth surface. Which two properties of the mineral sample are described here?
A) color and luster
B) luster and cleavage
C) color and cleavage
D) streak color and hardness
C) color and cleavage
Gabriel is designing an experiment to see whether sugar or artificial sweetener will attract the greater number of ants. Which statement best describes why Gabriel should write down his experimental procedure and record his data?
A. The exact experiment can be repeated by others and the results compared.
B. The experiment can be changed by others to get different results.
C. The data will help people decide what type of sweetener to use.
D. The data will show people which ants are more common.
A. The exact experiment can be repeated by others and the results compared.
Long ago, people observed a group of stars that formed a pattern in the sky. They imagined the pattern looked like a swan, so they gave it the name Cygnus (the Latin word for "swan"). Why does Cygnus seem to move across the night sky throughout the year?
A) because the stars revolve around the Earth
B) because the sun revolves around Earth
C) because Earth revolves around the sun
D) because Earth revolves around the stars
C) because Earth revolves around the sun
Alex kicks a ball with a certain force. Then Lauren kicks the same ball with a larger force. Which of the following will most likely happen?
A) The ball will move faster and farther when Alex kicks it.
B) The ball will move faster and farther when Lauren kicks it.
C) The ball will move more slowly and farther when Alex kicks it.
D) The ball will move faster and not as far when Lauren kicks it.
B) The ball will move faster and farther when Lauren kicks it.
The brain is an important part of the human body. Which of the following has a role most similar to the brain of a human?
A) a roof covering and protecting a building
B) a filter removing solids at a water treatment plant
C) a computer controlling all parts of a factory
D) a conveyer belt moving boxes through a warehouse
C) a computer controlling all parts of a factory
Weathering, Erosion, or Deposition: Layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean
Deposition
A scientist performs an experiment and asks other scientists around the world to replicate it. Why would other scientists most likely try to perform the same experiment?
A. to find out if weather of various regions of the world would affect the results
B. to see if the experiment would be less expensive in another part of the world
C. to confirm the results of the experiment conducted by the scientist
D. to verify that the hypothesis of the experiment is a scientific law
C. to confirm the results of the experiment conducted by the scientist
Marcus made a list of the main parts that make up a galaxy. On the list, Marcus includes gases, water, and stars. What should he do to make his list correct?
A) He should add animals to the list.
B) He should replace stars with comets.
C) He should replace water with dust.
D) He should remove gases from the list.
C) He should replace water with dust.