FOUNDING DOCS & PHILOSOPHERS
This Enlightenment philosopher argued for natural rights of life, liberty, and property.
Who is John Locke?
This clause states that federal law outranks conflicting state law.
What is the Supremacy Clause?
This branch interprets the laws.
What is the judicial branch?
This amendment protects freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.
What is the 1st Amendment?
This case established judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
A mayor announces a new city rule. Which level of government is this?
What is local government?
Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” encouraged colonists to support this major political action.
What is declaring independence from Britain?
These are the first ten amendments to the Constitution.
What is the Bill of Rights?
The president’s power to reject a bill passed by Congress is an example of this principle.
What is checks and balances?
Police must have this document to search a home, according to the 4th Amendment.
What is a warrant?
This case ruled that school segregation was unconstitutional.
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
A state passes a law that conflicts with federal law. Which clause resolves the conflict?
What is the Supremacy Clause?
This document first established the idea that even kings must follow the law.
What is the Magna Carta?
The Great Compromise created this structure of Congress.
What is a bicameral legislature?
This branch has the power to approve presidential appointments and ratify treaties.
What is the Senate (legislative branch)?
This amendment guarantees the right to an attorney, even if a person cannot afford one.
What is the 6th Amendment?
The right to an attorney in felony cases was established in this landmark case.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright?
A journalist writes an article criticizing the governor. Which amendment protects this?
What is the 1st Amendment?
The phrase “consent of the governed” can best be found in this founding American document.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
The power to coin money is this type of power granted to Congress.
What are expressed (or enumerated) powers?
This amendment changed the way senators are elected, shifting the power to the people.
What is the 17th Amendment?
This Reconstruction-era amendment guarantees citizenship to all born or naturalized in the U.S.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This case stated that evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court.
What is Mapp v. Ohio?
A factory refuses to follow OSHA safety guidelines. Which branch/enforcement power intervenes?
What is the executive branch enforcing federal regulations?
Name the two major influences on separation of powers (one ancient, one Enlightenment thinker).
What are ancient Rome and Montesquieu?
Education, marriage laws, and election procedures generally fall under these types of powers.
What are reserved powers?
This is the sequence of who assumes the presidency if both the president and vice president cannot serve
What is presidential succession? (House Speaker → President Pro Tempore → Cabinet starting with State)
The protection against being tried twice for the same crime (double jeopardy) belongs to this amendment.
What is the 5th Amendment?
This WWII-era case upheld internment camps, prioritizing national security over individual rights.
What is Korematsu v. United States?
This principle means the government’s powers come from the people, and the government exists to serve them—a concept stated directly in the Preamble.
What is popular sovereignty?