Economic Stimulus
This program worked in conjunction with the TVA and the Rural Electrification Administration and was created in 1934 to increase sales of large electrical appliances, such as refrigerators, stoves, and hot water heaters, to Americans of low and moderate income.
What is Electric Home and Farm Authority ?
Created in 1933, this insured bank deposits against bank failure, up to a certain level.
What is the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)?
Created in 1934, this administers the Railroad Retirement Program, as well as many other benefit programs for rail industry workers.
What is the Railroad Retirement Board?
In 1935, this was created by Executive Order as a subdivision of the WPA which hired young men and women, both in and out of school, for works programs.
What is the National Youth Administration?
The smallest of the programs created in 1935 to hire unemployed artists to create public artworks.
What was the Treasury Relief Art Project (TRAP)?
From 1934 to 1938, this protected farms from creditor repossession; aided distressed cities and towns; reformed business bankruptcies; created more personal bankruptcy options.
What is "Bankruptcy Reform"?
Signed by President Roosevelt on June 19, 1934. The law was created to centralize regulatory authority, improve national defense, and create for “the people of the United States a rapid, efficient, nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communication service with adequate facilities at reasonable charges…”
What was the Communications Act?
Created in 1934, this program offered Americans cooperative savings and loan opportunities, as well as an alternative to usury.
What are Federal Credit Unions?
This restructured and centralized the Federal Reserve Bank.
What is the Banking Act of 1935?
This created a national system of pensions, unemployment insurance and aid to mothers with children, and created Social Security Administration (SSA) to administer it.
What was the Social Security Act of 1935?
Created under the National Industrial Recovery Act in 1933, this paid private contractors to build large-scale projects proposed by states.
What is the Public Works Administration (PWA)?
This was created by the WPA in 1935 to employ artists, writers, historians and other professionals
The largest of the arts programs, with five divisions:
What was Federal Project Number One (Federal One)?
This rehabilitated the sugar and rum industries of the Virgin Islands; reduced unemployment; provided various farm services and loan programs; coordinated with a homesteading program in 1934.
What was the Virgin Islands Company?
This put an end to a black market for liquor, providing lucrative business opportunities for gangsters like Al Capone, as well as thousands of “bootleggers” across the country whose products were no longer monitored for quality. It also sparked a proliferation of “speakeasies” – businesses that offered secret places for people to drink, out of the sight of official law enforcement, and largely unregulated for other illegal activities.
What was the repeal of Prohibition (21st Amendment) in 1933?
Created in 1933, this legalized industry collaboration for price controls and collective bargaining for labor.
What is the National Industrial Recovery Act?
In 1933, this gave the president emergency powers over the US banking system, under which he called a ‘bank holiday’ to allow evaluation of all banks and closure of insolvent ones.
What was the Emergency Banking Relief Act?
This created the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) in 1933 which gave financial aid to states to support local relief programs for the destitute.
What was the Federal Emergency Relief Act?
This was created by Executive Order in 1935 to bring electricity to isolated rural areas and was made permanent by the Rural Electrification Act of 1936.
What is the Rural Electrification Administration (REA)?
In 1933, this was established “as one of the agencies to extend relief to the professional class, its object being to employ artists who were unemployed in the decoration of public buildings and parks”...
What was the Public Works of Art Project (PWAP)?
This created the Social Conservation Service (SCS) to help build soil protection and water conservation works, following on success of emergency Soil Erosion Service (SES).
What was the Soil Conservation Act of 1935?
Also called the “Anti-Price Discrimination Act”; This strengthened rules against monopolistic control and pricing (chiefly aimed at chain stores); complemented by Wheeler-Lea Act (1938).
What was the Robinson-Patman Act of 1936?
From 1934 to 1941, these put greater emphasis on progressive taxation and taxation on wealth; consistent revenue increases achieved.
What are Income and Wealth Taxes?
In 1934, this called in all private gold and created a government hoard (Fort Knox).
What was the Gold Reserve Act?
From 1935 to 1943, these provided funding for New Deal work agencies, especially the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
What were the Emergency Relief Appropriation Acts?
Created under Emergency Conservation Act in 1933, this put unemployed, unskilled young men to work on rural and park improvements.
What is the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?
In 1935, this was created to promote and protect Native American arts and crafts.
What is the Indian Arts and Crafts Board?
This created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) in 1933, (reauthorized in 1938) for price stabilization and income support through government purchases, marketing boards, and land retirement.
What was the Agricultural Adjustment Act?
This led to trade agreements with 19 countries between 1934 and 1939.
What was the Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act?
Created in 1937, this helped increase recreational travel & tourism within the United States.
What is the U.S. Travel Bureau?
Created in 1935, this protected consumers from certain rate increases, and also from high-risk speculation activities.
What is the Public Utility Holding Company Act?
From 1933 to 1940, this distributed surplus food and commodities to those in need.
What was the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation?
This was created under the Federal Emergency Relief Act of 1933 to award grants to states for works programs to hire the unemployed and provide direct relief payments to the indigent.
What is the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)?
Originally called the Treasury Section of Painting and Sculpture in 1934, this oversaw artworks created to enhance public buildings, notably post offices.
What was the Treasury Section of Fine Arts (TSFA)?
Evolved from earlier emergency relief legislation, this
created planned communities for Americans whose livelihoods had been upturned by the Depression; rehabilitated overused land; made loans to farmers.
What was the Resettlement Administration (RA) in 1935?
This was created to help facilitate trade with other nations; Began as two banks in 1934, consolidated into one in 1936.
What was the Export-Import Bank?