HYpovolemia
This clinical manifestation of FVD is a sign of poor skin elasticity
What is decreased skin turgor?
This isotonic IV fluid may be used to treat FVD.
What is lactated Ringer’s or 0.9% normal saline?
This respiratory finding, often heard on auscultation, is a common manifestation of FVE.
What are crackles in the lungs?
This type of IV fluid contains large molecules such as albumin or hetastarch, used to expand plasma volume.
What are colloid solutions?
This complication occurs when a vesicant drug leaks into the tissue, causing severe damage.
What is extravasation?
Patients with FVD often present with this cardiovascular change: a weak, rapid _____.
What is heart rate?
Nurses must monitor this at least every 8 hours or hourly, ensuring output is at least 30 mL/hr.
What is intake and output (I&O)?
This swelling symptom is a hallmark of hypervolemia.
What is edema?
This IV fluid type has the same osmolarity as blood plasma and is often used for dehydration or blood loss.
What is isotonic?
This complication occurs when a vesicant drug leaks into the tissue, causing severe damage.
What is extravasation?
Elevated BUN and hemoglobin may be seen in FVD because of this process
What is hemoconcentration (decreased fluid volume)?
A physician may administer this type of rapid fluid administration to correct FVD.
What is a fluid bolus (or fluid challenge)?
In FVE, these two lab values are often decreased
What are BUN and hemoglobin?
This IV fluid has a higher osmolarity than blood plasma, pulling water out of cells and into the bloodstream.
What is hypertonic?
This complication is the inflammation of a vein, often associated with redness, pain, and a palpable cord.
What is phlebitis?
Urine specific gravity greater than this value may indicate mild dehydration.
What is 1.010?
This daily nursing assessment helps detect subtle changes in fluid balance.
What is daily weights?
This imaging test may show pulmonary congestion in FVE.
What is chest X-ray (CXR)?
This IV fluid has a lower osmolarity than blood plasma and can cause water to move into cells, risking cell swelling
What is hypotonic?
This complication is characterized by redness, pain, and swelling at the IV site due to microbial contamination.
What is an infection at the IV site?
Depending on the cause of FVD, these two electrolytes may be decreased or elevated.
What are potassium (K⁺) and sodium (Na⁺)?
Name two vital signs that should be closely monitored in FVD.
What are blood pressure and heart rate?
Patients with FVE may have distended neck veins and this increase in vital signs.
What is increased blood pressure (and/or tachycardia)?
The primary treatment for hypernatremia is administration of this type of IV solution.
What are hypotonic electrolyte solutions (or D5W)?
This complication occurs when IV fluid leaks into surrounding tissue, causing swelling, coolness, and discomfort.
What is infiltration?