💕February Week 2💕

❤️The Human Heart❤️

100

Where is the heart located in the body? What protects the heart?

The heart is located in the center of the chest, usually pointing slightly left and is well protected by your rib cage.

Did you know that the giraffe has a lopsided heart, with their left ventricle being thicker than the right? This is because the left side has to get blood up the giraffe’s long neck to reach their brain. A giraffe's heart is 2 feet long and weighs about 25 pounds, with its lungs able to hold 12 gallons of air!

200

True or False: The left side of your heart pumps blood into your lungs. 

False! The right side actually pumps blood into your lungs, while the left side pumps blood back into the rest of your body. 

The heart functions as a pump in the circulatory system to provide a continuous flow of blood throughout the body. This circulation consists of the systemic circulation to and from the body and the pulmonary circulation to and from the lungs. Blood in the pulmonary circulation exchanges carbon dioxide for oxygen in the lungs through the process of respiration. The systemic circulation then transports oxygen to the body and returns carbon dioxide and relatively deoxygenated blood to the heart for transfer to the lungs. 

300

How many times does the human heart beat every day?

a. Less than 5,000 times

b. About 10,000 times

c. About 50,000 times

d. Over 100,000 times 

d. Over 100,000 times! 

Traditional pacemakers (also called transvenous pacemakers) have three main parts: a pulse generator creates the electrical pulses, wires (also called leads) are implanted inside the veins and carry the pulses to your heart and electrodes sense your natural heartbeat. When your heartbeat is slower than normal, the electrodes deliver electrical impulses to your heart to make it beat normally. The device can send data to your doctor remotely. Your doctor will use these recordings to set up your pacemaker so it works better for you.

400

An adult human heart is usually the size of what part of the body? 

Bonus: What object can you squeeze to feel how hard the beating heart works to pump blood?

The hand, specifically a fist! 

Bonus: A tennis ball. 

500

More heart attacks happen on what day of the week than any other? 

Mondays! 

Studies have shown that Americans can be up to 30% more likely to have a heart attack in the coldest winter months, compared to warmer months throughout the year. The cold weather affects your heart in a few different ways. Your circulatory system undergoes physical changes in response to the cold. Plus, you might be less active in the winter, choosing to stay inside to relax and keep warm. So you may not be exercising your body and heart as much. 

👗Dazzling Dresses👗

100

The "Ascot" Dress from My Fair Lady was worn by which famous actress when she went to the horse races as the lead character Eliza Doolittle?

Audrey Hepburn!

All Eliza Doolittle may have wanted was a room somewhere, but her musical makeover in My Fair Lady made movie magic. The beautiful Cecil Beaton–designed ensemble that Audrey Hepburn wore, when her character Ms. Doolittle debuted at the Ascot Derby, raced to $4.5 million at a Profiles in History auction in 2011—an online record. My Fair Lady elevated its status with eight Academy Awards in 1965, including Best Picture and, naturally, Best Costume Design.

200

This iconic white dress was worn by Marilyn Monroe when she walked above a windy subway grating in what 1955 movie?

The Seven Year Itch

The image of Marilyn Monroe's dress flying up around her is widely regarded as one of the most iconic images of the 20th century. The scene was scheduled to shoot on the street outside the Trans-Lux at 1:00 am on September 15, 1954. Monroe and the movie cameras caught the curiosity of hundreds of fans, so director Billy Wilder reshot the moment on a set at 20th Century Fox. 

300

What was the name of Judy Garland's character in The Wizard of Oz, the young girl in the checkered blue and white gingham dress and braids?

Dorothy Gale

The dress was sewn on a treadle sewing machine to help it appear authentically homemade. Considerably modest in comparison to most of the film's costumes, the garment's simple, youthful design is meant to represent Dorothy's innocence, while its bright color symbolizes the character's journey from mundane Kansas to the vibrant Land of Oz, which were filmed in sepia tone and Technicolor, respectively. The "Dorothy dress" is often credited with helping popularize the use of gingham fabric in women's fashion during the 20th century, following the film's release in 1939.

400

This simple dress was famously worn by Maria in the beginning of the movie The Sound of Music, which was set in which country? 

Austria 

Dorothy Jeakins did the costuming for many movies including period pieces for The Ten Commandments, The Music Man, Little Big Man, The Way We Were, Young Frankenstein and The Dead. Some of her more modern costumes were made for films such as Niagara, Three Coins in the Fountain, South Pacific and On Golden Pond. 

500

Elizabeth Taylor wore this emblematic gold dress for which epic historical drama film directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz?

Cleopatra

Arriving on a monumental chariot adorned with a sphinx statue, Cleopatra seduces the Roman public, as well as Mark Antony, with her golden dress, extraordinary cape, sculptural headdress decorated with snakes surrounding the sun, tribute to the god Ra. A spectacular headdress is reminiscent of a phoenix, a legendary bird with the power to come back to life and a symbol of Cleopatra's ambition. The phoenix is also depicted on the cape made of 24-karat gold,  sheared into thin strips of golden leather decorated with thousands of beads sketching the wings of the bird, and in the dress adorned with feathers. This stunning costume matches the one worn by Caesarion, the child king presented to the people as future Pharaoh of Egypt.

💘Valentine's Day💘

100

On average, there are 220,000 _________ _________ on every Valentine's Day. 

Marriage Proposals! 

Other popular days for marriage proposals are the Saturday before Christmas, Christmas Eve, Christmas day, Birthdays, the Anniversary of day you met and New Years Eve. Unsurprisingly, Saturdays are usually the most popular day of the week to get married, with Tuesdays often being the least.

200

True or False: The most popular flower given on Valentine's Day is the Violet. 

False, it's the Rose!

Roses are red, violets are blue... actually, violets are closer to purple — but purple doesn't rhyme with anything. The word violet can refer either to a purplish-blue color or to the tiny flower of that color. On the color spectrum, violet is a variation on purple that sits a bit closer to blue than red. Saying “violets are blue” just fits the rhythm and rhyme much better. We can also ignore the fact that roses are not always red: they can be pink, yellow, white, or even orange.

300

After candy, what is the most popular gift people give on Valentine's Day?

a. Flowers

b. Cards

c. Jewelry

d. 

b. Cards 

Hallmark founder J.C. Hall began selling Valentine's Day postcards in 1910. As postcards declined in popularity, Hallmark added greeting cards to its line in 1912. Valentines were added to the company's inventory in 1913. Hallmark began printing its own greeting card designs in 1915.

400

What are the most common gifts given on Valentine's Day? What is your favorite Valentine's gift to receive? 

The most common gifts for Valentine's Day in the United States include candy, cards, flowers, jewelry, a romantic dinner, wine, gift cards, clothing and shoes, perfume or cologne, event tickets and even pets!

500

This ancient Roman god represents desire, erotic love, attraction and affection, usually depicted as a winged character sporting a bow and arrow. 

Cupid 

Cupid's Greek counterpart is Eros. Although Eros is generally portrayed as a slender winged youth in Classical Greek art, during the Hellenistic period, he was increasingly portrayed as a chubby boy. During this time, his iconography acquired the bow and arrow that represent his source of power: a person, or even a deity, who is shot by Cupid's arrow is filled with uncontrollable desire. 

 

🧚Fairy Tales🧚

100

In this familiar English Fairy Tale a young boy named Jack climbs up what object? What was at the top of it?

A beanstalk! And at the top in clouds was a giant ogre!

The fairy tale of Jack and the Beanstalk states that the beanstalk "reached up to the heaven". Seeing as the fairy tale originates from a time where they would have said the same of a skyscraper, we will use another factor in the story to narrow down how tall the beanstalk could have been if it were real. Jack did not die of lack of oxygen, so it is not likely that the beanstalk was taller than the mount Everest. In fact it was probably shorter, as climbing to the top of the mount Everest requires an extra air supply, which Jack did not have. So hypothetically speaking, the beanstalk would be less tall than 8848 m above sea level.

200

True or False: The European fairy tale about a young girl coming to visit her Grandmother only to find out she has been replaced with a large wolf is called Big Blue Driving Cap. 

False, It was Little Red Riding Hood!

Many have speculated why Little Red Riding Hood's cloak was chosen to be the color red, with theories ranging from the symbolism of the color red being associated with maturity to it representing the bright sun which is swallowed up by the terrible night (the wolf). The real reason though was simply that her grandmother made a red cloak and it suited her so much that everyone just called her as such!

300

This German Fairy Tale is about two siblings who are abandoned in the forest and wall into the hands of a witch who lives in a sweet house but has sour intentions...

a. Heinrich and Frieda 

b. Friedrich and Bertha 

c. Hansel and Gretel

d. Wilhelm and Ada

c. Hansel and Gretel

The original written version of "Hansel and Gretel" ends with Gretel pushing the witch into the oven which kills her. Gretel frees Hansel, and the two children steal the witch's treasure and return to their cottage. When they get home they find that their cruel stepmother is dead, and that their father is overjoyed to see them. "Hansel and Gretel" is not a real story. It is a fairy tale that was recorded by the Brothers Grimm in 1812. Parts of the fairy tale were inspired by real events, such as the famine of the early 1300s, or the fact that some parents did abandon or kill their children during times of famine.

400

This German Fairy Tale centers around an imp with a very hard to remember name who spins straw into gold in exchange for a woman's firstborn child.

Rumpelstiltskin!

The name Rumpelstilzchen in German means literally "little rattle stilt", a stilt being a post or pole that provides support for a structure. A rumpelstilt was consequently the name of a type of goblin, also called a poppart, that makes noises by rattling posts and rapping on planks. The meaning is similar to rumpelgeist ("rattle-ghost") or poltergeist ("rumble-ghost"), a mischievous spirit that clatters and moves household objects. (Other related concepts are mummarts or boggarts and hobs, which are mischievous household spirits that disguise themselves.)

500

This German Fairy Tale was most notably recorded by the Brothers Grimm, telling the tale of a young maiden trapped in a tower with only her long flowing hair to save her.

Bonus: What other Grimms Fairy Tale princess is known for running away from the ball at the stroke of midnight, losing her shoe in the process?

Rapunzel!

The true story of Rapunzel is thought to be about a young woman in Italy named Barbara who was so beautiful that her father locked her away in a tower so no men could get to her. Though many asked for her hand in marriage, Barbara dedicated herself to God and a newfound Christian faith, and refused them all. Her father, however, was a pagan, and not pleased about her Christianity. The story goes that when she prayed for help when he drew his sword on her, God created a hole in the tower for her to escape. Unfortunately, she was soon discovered, and eventually beheaded by her father — who was then struck by lightning.

Bonus: Cinderella

🍫Chocolates🍫

100

This form of solid chocolate is most known for containing cocoa, sugar and one specific dairy based ingredient.

Milk Chocolate

The most consumed type of chocolate, milk chocolate is used in a wide diversity of bars, tablets and other confectionery products. Milk chocolate contains smaller amounts of cocoa solids than do dark chocolates, and (as with white chocolate) contains milk solids. While its taste (akin to chocolate milk) has been key to its popularity, milk chocolate was historically promoted as a healthy food, particularly for children.

 

200

This chocolate was first made in Switzerland, pale in color and devoid of any cocoa solids with a much sweeter taste. 

White Chocolate

In 1936, the white chocolate tablet Milkybar was launched in Europe by the Swiss company Nestlé, a major player in the Swiss chocolate industry and owner of the Peter-Cailler-Kohler factory. Nestlé is generally credited for the first white chocolate bar, although earlier forms of white chocolate had probably been made before 1936. Making white chocolate was a way to use milk powder and cocoa butter, which were then produced in excess. From about 1948 until the 1990s, Nestlé also produced a white chocolate bar with almond pieces, Alpine White, for markets in the United States and Canada. Other chocolate manufacturers developed their own formulas, such as that developed by Kuno Baedeker for the Merckens Chocolate Company in 1945. As white chocolate became mainstream, white versions of popular chocolate bars appeared, for instance Toblerone in 1973 and Hershey's Kisses in 1993. 

300

Which of the following is not a type of chocolate?

a. Semisweet

b. Bittersweet

c. Blonde

d. Verisweet

d. Verisweet

Not just a hair color, blonde chocolate is white chocolate that has been cooked at a low temperature for a fairly long time to caramelize the sugars and milk solids in it. One way to describe blonde chocolate is with this analogy: blonde chocolate is to white chocolate as dulce de leche is to sweetened condensed milk. In both cases, you start with a less complex flavor, and with the magic of heat and time, transform it into a richer, more flavorful form that enhances whatever you’re making. 

400

This sometimes bitter type of chocolate contains only cocoa solids, cocoa butter and sometimes sweetener depending on the percentage of cocoa you are adding.

Dark Chocolate

Dark chocolate is loaded with nutrients that can positively affect your health. Made from the seed of the cacao tree, it’s one of the best sources of antioxidants you can find. Studies also show that dark chocolate can improve your health and lower the risk of heart disease. The bioactive compounds in dark chocolate may also be great for your skin. The flavanols can protect against sun damage, improve blood flow to the skin, and increase skin density and hydration. 

500

What is chocolate which is 100% cocoa typically used for?

Baking 

There are several kinds of baking chocolate, but in its purest form, baking chocolate is unsweetened chocolate. This means it's 100% chocolate (cacao) with no added sugar or flavor. It's sugar-free by design, as most recipes that call for unsweetened baking chocolate (also called bitter chocolate) are developed with the appropriate amount of sugar added to counteract its bitterness. Unsweetened baking chocolate is not suited for all baking and should be used only when specified. For example, in a ganache recipe, which is just cream and chocolate, there isn't any added sugar, and so using unsweetened or classic baking chocolate would result in a ganache that's far too bitter. Unsweetened baking chocolate is great in recipes designed to have a rich chocolate flavor and contain enough sugar to balance it out.