Federalism Basics
In which form of government does the ultimate authority rest in the hands of a central government?
Double points if you can give one example!
Unitary
Examples: United Kingdom, Japan, Saudi Arabia
Which types of grant gives the states or local governments more power in determining where the money goes?
Block grant
In which Supreme Court case did the Supremacy Clause play an important role?
McCulloch v. Maryland
Describe the Tenth Amendment
All powers not directly given to the federal government belong to the states
The main constitutional issue of the case of McCulloch v. Maryland was over the federal government's use of what type of powers?
Implied powers
Which form of government features a league of independent states and in which the central government has only those matters expressly delegated to it?
Double points if you can name one!
Confederate
Example: European Union
Which type of grant would the states be more happy to receive? Why?
Block grants because they give the states more freedom to spend the money where they see fit.
What are implied powers?
Powers not directly stated but needed in order to carry out enumerated powers.
Laws passed by the federal government are supreme over those of the states.
The main constitutional issue of the case of United States v. Lopez was over what part of the Constitution?
Provide the three names for powers given to the federal government in the Constitution
Enumerated powers, delegated powers, expressed powers, explicit powers
Grants to state governments designed for very specific programs or projects, or pursuant to very particular conditions are known as what?
Categorical Grants
The concept of cooperative federalism was coined by political scientists during which Presidential administration?
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
What is the other name for the Elastic Clause?
Necessary and Proper Clause
What role did the Supremacy Clause play in McCulloch v. Maryland?
List 4 powers that belong to the federal government.
Coin money, establish and maintain the military, make treaties with other countries, establish post offices, citizenship and immigration, declare war, etc.
Requirements that direct states or local governments to comply with federal rules under threat penalties or as a condition to receive a federal grant are known as what?
Explain the Necessary and Proper Clause
Congress has the power to "make all laws necessary and proper" for carrying out expressed powers.
Contracts between business firms can be enforced across state boundaries as part of which part of the Constitution?
The Full Faith and Credit Clause
What was the decision of United States v. Lopez and what was the court's reasoning for this?
The Gun Free School Zone Act was unconstitutional since it exceeded Congress' power to regulate commerce
List 4 powers that belong to the states.
Describe why the drinking age is set at 21 for all states, even though each state has the ability to change it.
The federal government threatened to withhold federal funds if the states did not raise the drinking age to 21.
The shared investigation of suspected terrorists following Sept. 11, 2001, among national, state, and local governments, is an example of what type of federalism?
Cooperative federalism
The legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one state to the state in which the crime is alleged to have been committed is from what part of the Constitution?
Extradition Clause
What was the decision of McCulloch v. Maryland and what was the court's reasoning for this?